Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. May 16, 2022; 14(5): 250-266
Published online May 16, 2022. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i5.250
Table 1 Indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement
Benign
Malignant
Pediatric
Neurological diseases and psychomotor retardation. Cerebrovascular disease. Motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Multiple sclerosis. Parkinson’s disease. Dementia. Psychomotor retardation. Reduced level of consciousness. Head injury. Intensive care patients. Prolonged coma. Burns. Short bowel syndromes (Crohn’s disease). Facial surgery. Polytrauma. Benign esophageal strictures. Other causes of malnutrition (anorexia)Cerebral tumor. Cancer with catabolic status. Head and neck cancer. Esophageal cancer. Gastric decompressionCerebral palsy. Congenital anomaly (e.g., trachea esophageal fistula). Cystic fibrosis. Short bowel syndrome
Table 2 Contraindications to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement
Relative
Absolute
Peptic ulcer bleeding with high risk of rebleeding. Ascites. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Abdominal scars. Large intrathoracic hiatal herniaCoagulation disorders (INR > 1.5, PTT > 50 s). Platelet count < 50000 mm3. Sign of sepsis. Peritonitis. Peritoneal carcinomatosis. Lack of a safe tract for percutaneous insertion. History of total gastrectomy