Tracheoesophageal fistulas in coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A case report

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with tracheoesofageal fistulas in 2020-2021

Case	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	Total, n (%)
Age (years)	60	58	72	52	46	63	56	46	41	61	49	39	69	38
Sex	M	F	M	F	F	F	F	F	M	M	M	M	M	F
BMI	25.1	34.3	23.9	28.6	32	19.1	28	27	26	29.5	23	32	27.1	23.4
Past medical history
Diabetes mellitus	-	X	-	-	X	-	X	X	-	-	-	X	X	-	6 (42.8)
Systemic hypertension	-	-	X	-	-	X	X	X	-	-	-	X	X	-	6 (42.8)
Obesity/Overweight	X	X	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	X	-	X	X	-	10 (71.4)
Other	-	-	PC	-	-	H	-	-	H	AF	-	-	-	-

BMI: Body mass index; M: Male F: Female BMI: Body mass index PC: Prostate cancer; H: Hypothyroidism AF: Atrial fibrillation.

Table 2 Characteristics of patients with tracheoesophageal fistula in 2020-2021

Case	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	Total, n (%)
Reason for consultation
Fever	X	-	X	X	X	X	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	-	10 (71.4)
Cough	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
Dyspnea	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
Clinical findings
Viral pneumonia SARS CoV2	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
SOFA	2	6	ND	4	8	ND	ND	10	ND	ND	ND	ND	6	ND
Clinical course
Invasive mechanical ventilation	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
ARDS	X	X	ND	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Vasoactive	X	X	ND	X	X	X	ND	X	X	X	ND	ND	X	ND
Shock	X	X	ND	X	X	X	ND	X	X	X	ND	ND	X	ND
Steroids	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
Dispositivo vía esofagica	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
Cuff pressure measurement	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	2 (14.2)
Tracheostomy	X	X	-	X	-	-	X	-	X	X	X	X	-	X	9 (64.2)
Gastrostomy	X	-	-	X	-	X	X	-	X	X	X	X	-	X	9 (64.2)
Diagnosis
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	14 (100)
Axial computed tomography of the neck	X	X	X	X	X	X	N	X	-	N	X	X	N	X	13 (92.8)
Complications
Tracheitis	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	X	-	3 (21.4)
Pneumonia	-	-	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	-	-	-	X	9 (64.2)
Bacteremia	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	3 (21.4)
Clostridioidal infection	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	2 (14.2)
Acute kidney injury	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	X	X	X	X	-	X	-	6 (42.8)
Treatment
OTS clip	X	-	X	X	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4 (28.5)
TTS endoclip	-	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	X	-	-	-	-	2 (14.2)
Self-expanding metallic stent	-	X	-	-	-	-	-	X	-	-	-	X	-	-	3 (21.4)
Surgery	X	-	-	X	-	X	-	-	X	-	X	X	-	X	7 (50)

TTS: Through-the-scope clip; OTS: Over-the-scope clip; ND: No data; SOFA: Sepsis organ failure assessment; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; N: No fistula detected.