High-definition optical magnification with digital chromoendoscopy detects gastric mucosal changes in dyspeptic-patients

Table 1 Baseline demographic data of study participants, who had functional dyspepsia, according to Helicobacter pylori infection status

	Total (n = 72)	Hp+ (n = 35)	Hp− (n = 37)	P value
Sex (female), n (%)	50 (69.4)	27 (77.1)	23 (62.1)	0.1681
Age (yr), mean ± SD	46.3 ± 13.7	43.3 ± 13.5	49.1 ± 13.5	0.0752
Symptoms, n (%)				0.5121
Epigastric pain syndrome	42 (58.3)	21 (60.0)	21 (56.8)
Postprandial distress syndrome	14 (19.4)	5 (14.3)	9 (24.3)
Both	16 (22.2)	9 (25.7)	7 (18.9)
Endoscopic classification, n (%)				< 0.0011
Type I	22 (30.6)	3 (8.6)	19 (51.4)
Type IIa and IIb	40 (55.6)	32 (91.4)	8 (21.6)
Type III	10 (13.9)	0	10 (27.0)

¹Pearson’s chi-square test;

²Student’s t-test. Hp: Helicobacter pylori; SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Distribution of microvascular-pattern types according to histopathology and Helicobacter pylori infection

		Classification, n (%)
		Type I (n = 22)	Type IIa and IIb (n = 40)	Type III (n = 10)	P value
Histopathology	Normal	9 (40.9)	1 (2.5)	0	< 0.0011
	CAG	3 (13.6)	31 (77.5)	0
	CIG	10 (45.5)	7 (17.5)	8 (80.0)
	Atrophy	0	1 (2.5)	2 (20.0)
Helicobacter pylori infection	Positive	3 (13.6)	32 (80.0)	0	< 0.0011
	Negative	19 (86.4)	8 (20.0)	10 (100.0)

¹Pearson’s chi-square test. CAG: Chronic active gastritis; CIG: Chronic inactive gastritis.

Table 3 Predictive performance of the endoscopic microvascular patterns

	Sensitivity, % (95%CI)	Specificity, % (95%CI)	PPV, % (95%CI)	NPV, % (95%CI)	Accuracy, %
Type I1	90.0 (55.5-99.8)	79.0 (66.8-88.3)	40.9 (20.7-63.7)	90.0 (89.4-99.9)	80.5
Type IIa–IIb2	91.4 (76.9-98.2)	78.4 (61.8-90.2)	80.0 (64.4-90.9)	90.6 (74.9-98.0)	84.7
Type III3	66.7 (9.4-99.2)	88.4 (78.4-94.9)	20.0 (2.5-55.6)	98.4 (91.3-99.9)	87.5

¹Ability to predict histologically normal mucosa;

²Ability to predict Helicobacter pylori infection;

³Ability to predict mucosal atrophy. CI: Confidence interval; NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value.