Biliary leakage after urgent cholecystectomy: Optimization of endoscopic treatment

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 30 consecutive patients with post-cholecystectomy biliary leakage included in the study

Parameter	n (%)
Age (yr) (median)	62
Male/female	14 (46.7)/16 (53.3)
Cholecystectomy details
Open	9 (30.0)
Laparoscopic	13 (43.3)
Laparoscopic to open conversion	8 (26.7)
Abdominal drain:
Bile leak ≤ 400 mL/d	24 (80.0)
Bile leak > 400 mL/d	6 (20.0)
Abdominal pain	20 (66.7)
Jaundice	8 (26.7)
Fever	14 (46.7)
Abdominal collection	8 (26.7)
Abdominal distension	6 (20.0)
Ascites	1 (3.3)
Comorbidity
ASA 1-2	24 (80.0)
ASA 3-4	6 (20.0)

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology.