Therapeutic upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in Paediatric Gastroenterology

Figure 1 Foreign body (a plastic spoon) in the stomach of a child. Ingestion of coins and small lithium batteries tend to be much more common.

Figure 2 Bezoar seen at endoscopy. Endoscopic removal wasn’t possible.

Figure 3 Injection of glue into a gastric varix.

Figure 4 (A) Videofluoroscopy image of a proximal and a distal stricture in the oesophagus and (B) resolution of the strictures in the same child 3 mo after treatment with Mitomycin C.

Figure 5 Endoscopic gastroplication. This figure the pattern of a zig-zag stich when applied with an Endocinch^® sewing maching.

Figure 6 Endoscopic view (J manoeuvre) of a lax Gastro-Oesophageal junction in a child with major reflux before (A) and after (B) application of stitch with the EndoCinch^®.

Figure 7 Significant improvement in the total QOLRAD scores (Quality of life in reflux and dyspepsia), 6 wk and 1 year after gastroplication with the Endocinch^®.

Figure 8 Use of a balloon to deliver radiofrequency energy via needle electrodes to the mucosa.

Figure 9 Injection of liquid polymer into the oesophageal mucosa. The Enteryx^® procedure.