Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Sep 16, 2022; 14(9): 536-546
Published online Sep 16, 2022. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i9.536
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Imaging findings of the hilar biliary duct. A: Thickening and enhancement of the bile duct wall on contrast-enhanced computed tomography; B: Irregularity on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; C: Thickening of the entire bile duct wall on intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS); D: Partial thickening of the bile duct wall on IDUS.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Comparison of methods for diagnosing hilar biliary invasion of ampullary cancer in all patients. A: Irregularity on endoscopic retrograde endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) showed the highest diagnostic accuracy; B: Among the various combinations (imaging findings and biliary biopsy results) for diagnosing hilar biliary invasion, irregularity on ERC + biliary biopsy results showed the highest diagnostic accuracy. aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01. CECT: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography; ERC: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; IDUS: Intraductal ultrasonography.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 Comparison of methods for diagnosing hilar biliary invasion of ampullary cancer in patients without biliary stents. A: Partial thickening of the bile duct wall on IDUS showed the highest diagnostic accuracy; B: Among the various combinations (imaging findings and biliary biopsy results) for diagnosing hilar biliary invasion, partial thickening of the bile duct wall on IDUS + biliary biopsy results showed the highest diagnostic accuracy. aP < 0.05. CECT: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography; ERC: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; IDUS: Intraductal ultrasonography; NS: Not significant.