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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Hepatol. Feb 18, 2017; 9(5): 263-269
Published online Feb 18, 2017. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i5.263
Published online Feb 18, 2017. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i5.263
Table 1 Comparison between the patient characteristics according to the self-perception of quality of life
Characteristic | Good quality of life (n = 51) | Impairment of quality of life (n = 76) | P |
Male | 24 (47.1) | 33 (43.4) | 0.69 |
Age (yr) | 54.8 ± 10.3 | 53.7 ± 13.5 | 0.61 |
Decompensated or Child B/C | 30 (58.8) | 63 (82.9) | 0.003 |
Etiology | |||
Alcohol | 28 (55.0) | 40 (52.7) | 0.83 |
Viral | 9 (17.6) | 15 (19.7) | |
NASH | 2 (3.9) | 1 (1.3) | |
Cryptogenic | 8 (15.7) | 13 (17.1) | |
Autoimmune | 4 (7.8) | 7 (9.2) | |
Weight in kg | 65.2 ± 14.9 | 63.7 ± 13.4 | 0.55 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 5.2 | 26.8 ± 4.0 | 0.32 |
Triceps skinfold thickness (cm) | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 0.79 |
Mid-arm circumference (cm) | 26.4 ± 4.7 | 23.9 ± 3.7 | 0.001 |
Ideal mid-arm muscle circumference (cm) | 22.1 ± 4.1 | 19.6 ± 2.8 | < 0.0001 |
Malnourished according to SGA | 14 (27.5) | 55 (72.4) | < 0.0001 |
Presence of ascites | 19 (37.3) | 48 (63.2) | 0.004 |
Need for paracentesis | 7 (13.7) | 25 (32.9) | 0.02 |
Development of variceal bleeding | 12 (23.5) | 18 (23.7) | 0.98 |
Development of hepatic encephalopathy | 19 (37.3) | 30 (39.5) | 0.80 |
Bacterial infection requiring hospitalization | 6 (11.8) | 14 (18.4) | 0.45 |
Any complication requiring hospitalization | 32 (62.7) | 62 (81.6) | 0.02 |
Table 2 Multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with self-perception of impairment of quality of life
Characteristic | HR (95%CI) | P |
Malnourished according to SGA | 2.8 (1.6-5.0) | < 0.0001 |
Need for paracentesis | 1.8 (1.0-3.2) | 0.05 |
Presence of ascites | 1.4 (0.7-2.7) | 0.38 |
Any complication requiring hospitalization | 1.1 (0.5-2.6) | 0.82 |
Decompensated or Child B/C | 1.8 (0.0-4.0) | 0.14 |
Table 3 Chronic Liver Diseases Questionnaire items comparison according to nutritional status
CLDQ item | Well-nourished (n = 58) | Malnourished (n = 69) | P |
1 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been troubled by a feeling of abdominal bloating? | 5.72 ± 1.531 | 4.67 ± 2.056 | 0.001 |
2 How much of the time have you been tired or fatigued during the last 2 wk? | 3.69 ± 1.366 | 2.94 ± 1.259 | 0.002 |
3 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you experienced body pain? | 4.14 ± 0.868 | 3.57 ± 0.848 | 0.0001 |
4 How often during the last 2 wk have you felt sleepy during the day? | 5.05 ± 1.343 | 4.55 ± 1.105 | 0.02 |
5 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you experienced abdominal pain? | 5.45 ± 1.273 | 4.96 ± 1.529 | 0.05 |
6 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you experienced dyspnea on exertion, being a problem for you in your daily activities? | 6.16 ± 0.951 | 5.33 ± 1.431 | 0.0001 |
7 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you not been able to eat as much as you would like? | 6.12 ± 1.010 | 3.55 ± 1.549 | 0.0001 |
8 How much of the time in the last 2 wk have you been bothered by having decreased strength? | 4.91 ± 1.218 | 2.90 ± 1.447 | 0.0001 |
9 How often during the last 2 wk have you had trouble lifting or carrying heavy objects? | 5.62 ± 0.834 | 4.09 ± 1.391 | 0.0001 |
10 How often during the last 2 wk have you felt anxious? | 5.52 ± 1.112 | 5.33 ± 1.379 | 0.41 |
11 How often during the last 2 wk have you felt a decreased level of energy? | 5.19 +1.100 | 3.20 ± 1.491 | 0.0001 |
12 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you felt unhappy? | 5.12 ± 1.077 | 4.41 ± 1.527 | 0.003 |
13 How often during the last 2 wk have you felt drowsy? | 4.97 ± 1.324 | 4.55 ± 1.051 | 0.05 |
14 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been bothered by a limitation of your diet? | 4.14 ± 1.206 | 3.91 ± 1.160 | 0.29 |
15 How often during the last 2 wk have you been irritable? | 5.52 ± 1.128 | 5.36 ± 1.175 | 0.45 |
16 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you had difficulty sleeping at night? | 5.02 ± 1.493 | 4.87 ± 1.444 | 0.57 |
17 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been troubled by a feeling of abdominal discomfort? | 5.62 ± 1.437 | 4.77 ± 1.816 | 0.004 |
18 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been worried about the impact your liver disease has on your family? | 5.84 ± 1.056 | 5.94 ± 1.371 | 0.66 |
19 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you had mood swings? | 5.50 ± 1.417 | 5.83 ± 1.283 | 0.18 |
20 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been unable to fall asleep at night? | 5.10 ± 1.360 | 4.67 ± 1.569 | 0.99 |
21 How often during the last 2 wk have you had muscle cramps? | 5.52 ± 1.047 | 5.39 ± 1.074 | 0.51 |
22 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been worried that your symptoms will develop into major problems? | 4.19 + 1.515 | 4.45 ± 1.586 | 0.35 |
23 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you had a dry mouth? | 5.40 ± 1.184 | 5.30 ± 1.192 | 0.66 |
24 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you felt depressed? | 5.33 ± 1.082 | 4.68 ± 1.745 | 0.01 |
25 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been worried about your condition getting worse? | 4.05 ± 1.191 | 4.28 ± 1.454 | 0.34 |
26 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you had problems concentrating? | 5.34 ± 1.132 | 4.74 ± 1.569 | 0.01 |
27 How much of the time have you been troubled by itching during the last 2 wk? | 5.71 ± 1.451 | 6.20 ± 1.065 | 0.03 |
28 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been worried about never feeling any better? | 4.07 ± 1.153 | 4.36 ± 1.382 | 0.20 |
29 How much of the time during the last 2 wk have you been concerned about the availability of a liver if you need a liver transplant? | 4.22 ± 1.312 | 4.23 ± 1.467 | 0.97 |
- Citation: Rojas-Loureiro G, Servín-Caamaño A, Pérez-Reyes E, Servín-Abad L, Higuera-de la Tijera F. Malnutrition negatively impacts the quality of life of patients with cirrhosis: An observational study. World J Hepatol 2017; 9(5): 263-269
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v9/i5/263.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v9.i5.263