Ultrasound shear wave elastography and liver fibrosis: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Table 1 Summary illustrating sample size calculation above

AUROC	Total (n)	% Positive	# Positive	# Negative	SE	Confidence interval
						Lower	Upper
0.8	110	30	33	77	0.050	0.701	0.899
0.8	130	30	39	91	0.046	0.709	0.891

AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic.

Table 2 Summary of liver disease scores by histology fibrosis score (discrete variables) n (%)

	Histology fibrosis scores					Total	χ2
	0 (n = 61)	1 (n = 20)	2 (n = 20)	3 (n = 10)	4 (n = 17)	(n = 128)	P value
Elastography fibrosis score
F0	51 (83.6)	7 (35.0)	5 (25.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (5.9)	64 (50.0)	< 0.0001
F1	10 (16.4)	10 (50.0)	2 (10.0)	2 (20.0)	1 (5.9)	25 (19.5)
F2	0 (0.0)	3 (15.0)	9 (45.0)	1 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	13 (10.2)
F3	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	3 (15.0)	7 (70.0)	1 (5.9)	11 (8.6)
F4	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (5.0)	0 (0.0)	14 (82.4)	15 (11.7)
APRI fibrosis score
0	45 (73.8)	6 (30.0)	6 (30.0)	1 (10.0)	1 (5.9)	59 (46.1)	< 0.0001
1 to 3	14 (23.0)	13 (65.0)	9 (45.0)	9 (90.0)	8 (47.1)	53 (41.4)
4	2 (3.3)	1 (5.0)	5 (25.0)	0 (0.0)	8 (47.1)	16 (12.5)
Steatosis
Grade 0	48 (78.7)	8 (40.0)	2 (10.0)	1 (10.0)	4 (23.5)	63 (49.2)	< 0.0001
Grade 1	6 (9.8)	8 (40.0)	5 (25.0)	1 (10.0)	1 (5.9)	21 (16.4)
Grade 2	6 (9.8)	2 (10.0)	7 (35.0)	4 (40.0)	0 (0.0)	19 (14.8)
Grade 3	1 (1.6)	2 (10.0)	6 (30.0)	4 (40.0)	12 (70.6)	25 (19.5)

APRI: Aminotransferase platelet ratio index.

Table 3 Shear wave elastography median and aminotransferase platelet ratio index score to differentiate between metavir subgroups

		F0-3 vs F4	F0-2 vs F3-4	F0-1 vs F2-4	F0 vs F1-4
SWE median	P value	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
	OR	1.708	1.789	2.983	2.683
	95%CI	1.379, 2.115	1.432, 2.236	1.839, 4.838	1.789, 4.025
	AUROC	0.926	0.929	0.908	0.879
APRI score	P value	0.0202	0.039	0.0005	0.0008
	OR	1.511	1.404	3.482	4.651
	95%CI	1.067, 2.141	1.018, 1.938	1.727, 7.018	1.895, 11.416
	AUROC	0.812	0.784	0.780	0.803
SWE and APRI1	AUROC	0.927	0.931	0.920	0.890
	APRI influence	0.001	0.002	0.012	0.011

¹SWE median and APRI score. OR: Odds ratio; SWE: Shear wave elastography; APRI: Aminotransferase platelet ratio index; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic.

Table 4 Prediction of histology fibrosis score (Grouping: F0-1 vs F2-4) using elastography median, aminotransferase platelet ratio index score, age category¹, sex and steatosis maximum likelihood and odds ratio estimates

Variable		DF	Coefficient estimate	Standard error	Wald χ2	Pr > χ2	OR estimate	Lower 95%CI limit for OR	Upper 95%CI limit for OR
Intercept		1	-6.6482	1.3510	24.2158	< 0.0001
Age category	LE median	1	0.0971	0.3219	0.0910	0.7629	1.214	0.344	4.288
APRI score		1	0.1946	0.3873	0.2526	0.6153	1.215	0.569	2.595
Elastography median		1	0.9041	0.2513	12.9464	0.0003	2.470	1.509	4.042
Sex	Female	1	0.3330	0.3551	0.8797	0.3483	1.947	0.484	7.830
Steatosis		1	1.1317	0.3462	10.6843	0.0011	3.101	1.573	6.112

¹Age category (years): n = 128. Mean (SD) 46 (16.99). Median 42; Minimum 18; Maximum 108. OR: Odds ratio; APRI: Aminotransferase platelet ratio index.

Table 5 Significance of predictive values associated with key pre-identified variables

	F0-3 vs F4	F0-2 vs F3-4	F0-1 vs F2-4	F0 vs F1-4
SWE median	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.0003	0.0002
APRI score	NS1	0.0404	NS	NS
Age	NS	NS	NS	NS
Gender	NS	NS	NS	NS
Steatosis	NS	0.0263	0.0002	0.0007
AUROC	0.926	0.962	0.944	0.902

¹NS: Not significant at the 0.1 level. SWE: Shear wave elastography; APRI: Aminotransferase platelet ratio index; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic.

Table 6 Elastography median and steatosis

Variable	Pr > χ2	OR estimate	Lower 95%CI limit for OR	Upper 95%CI limit for OR
F0-3 vs F4
Intercept	< 0.0001
Elastography median	< 0.0001	1.681	1.347	2.099
Steatosis	0.6529	1.187	0.563	2.502
AUROC = 0.936
F0-2 vs F3-4
Intercept	< 0.0001
Elastography median	< 0.0001	1.684	1.353	2.097
Steatosis	0.0568	1.846	0.982	3.467
AUROC = 0.954
F0-1 vs F2-4
Intercept	< 0.0001
Elastography median	0.0003	2.397	1.500	3.828
Steatosis	0.0002	3.135	1.703	5.772
AUROC = 0.944
F0 vs F1-4
Intercept	< 0.0001
Elastography median	0.0002	2.221	1.463	3.370
Steatosis	0.0007	2.496	1.473	4.230
AUROC = 0.902

OR: Odds ratio; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic.