Fractional excretion of sodium in hepatorenal syndrome: Clinical and pathological correlation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 88 liver transplant candidates with renal dysfunction

Variable
Age	60 ± 7
Male gender	57 (65)
Cause of ESLD
HCV infection	40 (45)
NASH	13 (15)
Alcoholic cirrhosis	12 (14)
Cryptogenic cirrhosis	10 (11)
Other	13 (15)
MELD score	17.5 ± 5.8
History of diabetes	35 (40)
History of hypertension	40 (45)
Iothalamate GFR mL/min per 1.73 m2	28 ± 14
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	1.9 ± 0.9
Serum Na (mEq/dL)	137 ± 5
24-h urinary protein excretion (mg/d)	87 (0-13625)
24-h urinary Na excretion (mEq/d)	56 (0-238)
24-urine protein > 150 mg/d	35 (40)
Hematuria	40 (45)
Diuretic use	64 (72)
FeNa < 1	77 (87)
Kidney Biopsy
HRS	10 (11)
ATN	12 (14)
MPGN	13 (15)
Minimal histology	15 (17)
≥ 30%-40% IF/GS	38 (43)

Data presented as number (percent), mean ± SD or median (range). ESLD: End-stage liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; MELD: Model of end stage liver disease; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; Na: Sodium; FeNa: Fractional excretion of sodium; HRS: Hepatorenal syndrome; ATN: Acute tubular necrosis; MGPN: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; IF: Interstitial fibrosis; GS: Glomerulosclerosis.