Role of biomarkers in the prediction and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Threshold values, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of a few biomarkers

Marker	Threshold	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC	Ref.
AFP	200 ng/mL	0.310	0.960	0.835	[31,32]
DCP	7.5 ng/mL	0.600	0.940	0.797	[34,35]
GP73	10 RU	0.69	0.75	0.914	[39]
AFP-L3	10%	0.410	0.990	0.710	[30]
MDK	654 ng/mL	86.9%	86.3%	0.915	[36]
AFU	2.3005 μmol/L	90%	0.975		[46]
AFP + GP73	7.4 RU	0.770	0.840	0.932	[40]
GGT + AFP	100 U/L + 100 IU/mL	0.57	0.70	-	[44]
SCCA	0.368 ng/mL	0.84	0.49	0.705	[52]
HSP27	456.5 pg/mL	0.70	0.73	0.649	[70]
IL-6	7.9 pg/mL	0.83	0.83	0.810	[62]

AUC: Area under the curve; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-γ-carboxyprothrombin; GP73: Golgi protein 73; MDK: Midkine; AFU: Alpha-l-fucosidase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; SCCA: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen; IL-6: Interleukin-6.