Combination of type IV collagen 7S, albumin concentrations, and platelet count predicts prognosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Clinical and histological characteristics of the patient population (n = 489)

Characteristics	Values
Age	50.1 (14-82)
Male sex, %	54.6
Body mass index, kg/m2	26.9 (20.8-49.5)
Fibrosis stage, 0/1/2/3/4	65/173/111/122/18
Grade, 0/1/2/3	45/204/178/62
Steatosis, 0/1/2/3	13/158/228/90
NAFLD activity score, < 4/≥ 5	265/224
ALT, IU/L	69 (2-563)
AST, IU/L	43 (13-312)
γ-GTP, IU/L	60 (12-736)
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	0.8 (0.04-2.7)
Total cholesterol, ng/dL	198 (102-317)
Cholinesterase, IU/L	205 (90-337)
Platelet count, × 104/μL	20.8 (6.6-44.7)
Albumin, g/dL	4.5 (2.5-5.4)
HOMA-IR	2.9 (0.7-22.4)
Iron, μg/dL	119 (13-295)
Ferritin, ng/dL	149 (3.9-983)
Leptin, ng/dL	9.3 (1.1-59.3)
Adiponectin, μg/mL	5.5 (2.0-27.5)
High-sensitivity CRP, mg/dL	0.117 (0.01-1.92)
P-III-P, U/mL	0.7 (0.28-3.8)
Type IV collagen 7S, ng/mL	4.1 (1.9-15)
Hyaluronic acid, ng/mL	28 (9-619)
Fibrosis-4 index	1.29 (0.17-1.29)

NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; γ-GTP: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; CRP: C-reactive protein; P-III-P: Procollagen-III peptide.

Table 2 Summary of the causes of death

	n (%)
All deaths	13 (2.7)
Liver-related events	7 (1.4)
HCC + liver failure	3
HCC only	1
Liver failure	3
Cerebrovascular disease	1 (0.2)
Non-liver cancers	4 (0.8)
Pancreatic cancer	2
Bile duct cancer	2
Infection	1 (0.2)

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Table 3 Factors associated with mortality among the patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n = 489)

	AUROC	Odds ratio	95%CI	P value
AST	0.57	1.00	0.99-1.02	0.9841
ALT	0.71	0.97	0.95-0.99	0.0026
γ-GTP	0.521	1.00	0.99-1.01	0.4259
Platelet count	0.748	0.78	0.69-0.88	< 0.0001
Total bilirubin	0.588	1.10	0.55-1.39	0.3208
Total cholesterol	0.580	0.99	0.98-1.01	0.2
Iron	0.553	1.01	1.02	0.1801
Albumin	0.815	0.093	0.04-0.20	< 0.0001
Ferritin	0.527	1.00	1.00-1.00	0.7651
Leptin	0.565	1.00	0.94-1.06	0.7441
HOMA-IR	0.731	1.04	1.009-1.06	0.0182
P-III-P	0.786	5.58	2.27-11.6	0.0014
Type IV collagen 7S	0.863	1.48	1.28-1.67	< 0.0001
Fibrosis-4 index	0.914	1.799	1.44-2.23	< 0.0001

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; CI: Confidence interval; γ-GTP: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; P-III-P: Procollagen-III peptide; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.