Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Hepatol. Nov 27, 2021; 13(11): 1791-1801
Published online Nov 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1791
Table 1 Patients’ characteristics (n = 106), n (%)
Characteristic
n (%) or means ± SD
Gender M/F59/47 (56/44)
Age (yr)51 ± 13
BMI (kg/m2)25.7 ± 4.7
PASP (mmHg)25.4 ± 8.0
Cirrhosis etiology
Virus36 (33.9)
Alcohol32 (30.2)
NASH8 (7.5)
Others30 (28.4)
Child-Pugh class n7.1 ± 1.8
A23 (21.7)
B70 (66)
C13 (12.3)
MELD11.1 ± 3.1
Previous history of liver related decompensation76 (73.8)
Hypertension19 (17.9)
Diabetes26 (24.5)
Tobacco smoking12 (11.4)
Beta-blocker use32 (30.2)
Hepatic decompensation on the day of the test
Ascites34 (32.1)
(Grade 1, 2, and 3)(11.3, 17, 5)
Peripheral edema13 (12.3)
Hepatic encephalopathy13 (12.3)
(Grade 1, 2, 3, and 4)(10.4, 1.9, 0, 0)
Hepatocellular carcinoma5 (4.7)
Patient on the liver transplantation waiting list35 (33)
Baseline laboratory1
Hemoglobin (mg/dL)13.1 ± 1.9
Hematocrit (%)39.3 ± 5.4
Albumin (g/dL)Bilirubin (mg/dL)INR 3.5 ± 0.62.0 ± 1.51.2 ± 0.2
Creatinine (mg/dL)0.8 ± 0.3
Na (mmol/L)137.8 ± 2.1
K (mmol/L)4.1 ± 0.5
Mg (mg/dL)1.8 ± 0.2
Ca (mmol/L)1.2 ± 0.1
Table 2 Six minute walking test performance in 106 patients with liver cirrhosis
Variable6MWD (m)P
6MWD (%)P
(t-test when applicable)
(t-test when applicable)
Mean 6MWD (m)515 ± 138
Mean 6MWD (%)0.91 ± 2.3
6MWD according to Child classes
A570 ± 1440.97 ± 0.22
B504 ± 1370.88 ± 0.21
C471 ± 1150.82 ± 0.25
6MWD according to
Liver decompensation
Ascites (w vs wo)473 ± 20 vs 535 ± 170.030.86 ± 0.22 vs 0.95 ± 0.210.028
Hepatic encephalopathy (w vs wo)435 ± 34 vs 525 ± 140.040.87 ± 0.25 vs 0.91 ± 0.210.87
History of previous hepatic decompensation (w vs wo)496 ± 141 vs 571 ± 1150.020.86 ± 0.22 vs 1.02 ± 0.170.004
Hospital admission during follow-up (w vs wo)444 ± 172 vs 531 ± 125 0.010.77 ± 0.25 vs 0.92 ± 0.200.004
Survival (died vs survived)423 ± 122 vs 526 ± 1370.020.72 ± 0.21 vs 0.93 ± 0.21
Table 3 Association between six-minute walking test parameters and unfavorable clinical outcomes (hospital admissions and mortality) using logistic regression models
Hospital Admission
Mortality
Predictors
Univariate
Multivariate
Univariate
Multivariate
bpORbpORbpORbpOR
Child score0.74< 0.012.10.72< 0.012.051.01< 0.012.751.03< 0.012.8
6MWD-0.005< 0.010.99-0.0050.240.99-0.0070.010.99-0.0070.040.99
%6MWD-0.040.010.96-0.030.030.96-0.050.020.95-0.050.030.95
6MWD ≤ 444 m-1.3950.0070.3-1.4620.010.2------
6MWD ≤ 387 m------1.6590.0045.25-1.170.20.31