Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Hepatol. Oct 27, 2021; 13(10): 1439-1449
Published online Oct 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i10.1439
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 104 patients with two hepatocellular carcinomas according to synchronous or sequential tumor

All (n = 104)
Synchronous group (n = 59)
Sequential group (n = 45)
P value
Age, yr, median (IQR)63 (10)63 (10)63 (9)0.41
Gender, n (%)0.08
Male89 (85.6)51 (86.4)38 (84.4)
Female15 (14.4)8 (13.6)7 (15.6)
Aetiology, n (%)0.73
Alcohol12 (11.5)8 (13.6)4 (8.9)
HCV42 (40.4)22 (37.3)20 (44.4)
HBV15 (14.4)8 (13.6)7 (15.6)
NASH5 (4.8)4 (6.8)1 (2.2)
Alcohol and HCV18 (17.3)9 (15.3)9 (20.0)
Other112 (11.5)8 (13.6)4 (8.9)
Cirrhosis status, n (%)0.07
Non-cirrhotic10 (9.6)3 (5.1)7 (15.6)
Cirrhotic94 (90.4)56 (94.9)38 (84.4)
CTP class, n (%)0.1
A66 (63.5)35 (59.3)31 (68.9)
B25 (24.0)13 (22.0)12 (26.7)
C13 (12.5)11 (18.6)2 (4.4)
MELD, median (IQR)9.6 (6)11 (7)8 (5)0.01
AFP (μg/L), median (IQR)9.6 (24.0)8.6 (26.0)10.4 (22.8)0.61
Combined tumour diameter (cm), median (IQR)3.5 (1.7)3.8 (1.7)3.4 (1.2)0.28
Transplanted, n (%)25 (24)18 (30.5)7 (15.6)0.08
Death, n (%)36 (34.6)23 (39.0)13 (28.9)0.28
Table 2 One-, three-, and five-year survival analysis of patients with two hepatocellular carcinomas
Overall survival (n = 104)
Overall survival
Overall survival
Transplanted survival (n = 25)
Transplant-free survival (n = 104)
Transplant-free survival
Transplant-free survival

Synchronous group (n = 59)
Sequential group (n = 45)


Synchronous group (n = 59)
Sequential group (n = 45)
1-yr survival (%)9391.395.310077.168.593.2
3-yr survival (%)66.163.869.595.845.437.356.6
5-yr survival (%)62.361.164.695.837.829.748.5
Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors impacting transplant-free survival

n (%)
HR
95%CI
P value
CTP class
A66 (63.5)---
B25 (24.0)1.510.81-2.820.19
C13 (12.5)2.260.90-5.650.8
MELD at diagnosis
≤ 1485 (81.7)---
> 1419 (18.3)2.511.15-5.460.02
Lesion group
Synchronous59 (56.7)---
Sequential45 (43.3)0.70.38-1.270.24