Living-donor liver transplantation in Budd-Chiari syndrome with inferior vena cava complete thrombosis: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Laboratory tests results and normal range

Laboratory test	Result	Normal range
Hemoglobin	12.6 g/dL	12.5-17.5 g/dL
Leukocytes	3.5 × 109/L	4-11 × 109/L
Platelets	80 × 103/mm3	150-400 × 103/mm3
Total bilirubin	1.73 mg/dL	0.2-1 mg/dL
Direct bilirubin	0.85 mg/dL	< 0.3 mg/dL
Alanine aminotransferase	20 U/L	< 41 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase	35 U/L	< 37 U/L
Alkaline phosphatase	78 U/L	40-129 U/L
Gamma-glutamyl-transferase	115 U/L	8-91 U/L
Creatinine	0.79 mg/dL	0.7-1.2 mg/dL
Blood urea nitrogen	31 mg/dL	10-50 mg/dL
Sodium	143 mEq/L	135-145 mEq/L
Potassium	3.9 mEq/L	3.5-4.5 mEq/L
Albumin	4.4 g/dL	3.4-4.8 g/dL
Prothrombin time	21.8 s	9.4-12.5 s
International normalized ratio	1.75	0.95-1.2

Table 2 Summary of all reported cases of living-donor liver transplantation for Budd-Chiari syndrome with inferior vena cava resection

Ref.	Number of cases	Technique	Venovenous bypass use	Outcomes
Yan et al[14], 2006	n = 1	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC allograft	Yes	Alive after 3 mo
Yamada et al[2], 2006	n = 1	IVC resection without replacement	No	Alive after 10 mo
Shimoda et al[15], 2007	n = 1	IVC replacement with autologous internal jugular vein, external iliac vein and suprarenal IVC	No	Alive after 17 mo
Sasaki et al[16], 2009	n = 1	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC allograft	No	N/A
Kazimi et al[32], 2009	n = 1	IVC resection without replacement	No	Alive after 3 mo
Choi et al[3], 2010	n = 2	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC allograft (n = 1) and RHV-atrial shunt using preexisting mesoatrial shunt (n = 1)	No	Both alive after a median follow-up of 18 mo
Ogura et al[21], 2011	n = 1	IVC replacement with an inverted composite graft (Gore-Tex stretch vascular graft and transposed IVC)	Yes	Alive after 24 mo
Sakçak et al[19], 2012	n = 1	IVC replacement with cadaveric aortic allografts	No	Alive after 4 mo
Fukuda et al[24], 2013	n = 1	IVC resection without replacement	No	Alive after 60 mo
Yagci et al[17], 2015	n = 4	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC (n = 1), iliac vein (n = 1) and aorta allografts (n = 2)	No	2 patients died due to biliary complications after 5 mo of follow-up
Cetinkunar et al[20], 2015	n = 1	IVC replacement by cadaveric aortic allograft	No	Alive after 4 mo
Ara et al[7], 2016	n = 7	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC (n = 4) and cadaveric aorta allografts (n = 2). No replacement in one case	No	2 patients died due to recent HAT after LT, and 2 patients died of sepsis during follow-up
Pahari et al[12], 2016	n = 2	IVC replacement with e-PTFE graft	No	Both alive after a median follow-up of 18 mo
Karaca et al[6], 2017	n = 3	IVC resection without replacement	No	N/A
Sabra et al[25], 2018	n = 1	IVC resection without replacement	No	Alive after 3 mo
Yagi et al[22], 2018	n = 1	IVC replacement with an inverted composite graft (e-PTFE graft and transposed IVC)	Yes	Alive after 36 mo
Ionescu et al[23], 2018	n = 2	IVC replacement with caval-dacron composite graft	No	Both alive (follow-up not available)
Yoon et al[13], 2019	n = 5	IVC replacement with synthetic material (ringed polyester)	Yes (n=3)	All alive after a median follow-up of 10.5 years
Gonultas et al[18], 2020	n = 12	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC allograft (n = 6), cadaveric aorta allograft (n = 1), synthetic material (n = 3, Dacron) and caval-dacron composite graft (n = 2)	No	All alive after median follow-up of 15 mo
Present study	n = 1	IVC replacement with cadaveric IVC allograft	Yes	Alive after 25 mo

N/A: Not available; e-PTFE: Polytetrafluoroethylene; HAT: Hepatic artery thrombosis; IVC: Inferior vena cava; RHV: Right hepatic vein; LT: Liver transplantation.