Intrahepatic and intra-abdominal splenosis: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Characteristics of previous cases of intrahepatic splenosis identified in our literature review

Ref.	Age/sex	Blood results	Liver disease	Existing malignancy	Initial diagnosis	CT	MRI-T1	MRI-T2	Enhance-ment	Technique for diagnosis
[9]	60/M	Abnormal LFTs, ↑AFP	Chronic HepC	None	HCC	NA	NA	NA	A: Hyper V: Hyper	Laparoscopic surgery
[10]	54/M	Normal	None	None	NA	NA	Hypo	Slightly hyper	A: Hyper V: Hypo	Laparotomy
[11]	54/M	Normal	None	Gastric cancer	Liver metastasis	ND	Hypo	Slightly hyper	NA	Laparotomy
[12]	52/M	Normal	None	None	Neurendocrine tumour	NA	NA	NA	Hypervascular	Surgery
[13]	53/M	↑γGT	NASH	None	HCC/ hepatic adenoma	NA	NA	NA	A: Hyper V: Hyper	Laparoscopic surgery
[14]	58/M	↑AST, ↑ALT ↑AFP, ↓PT, +HepC	Chronic HepC	None	HCC	Hypo	NA	Hyper	A: Hyper V: Hypo	Surgery
[15]	67/F	Slightly abnormal LFTs, ↑AFP	Chronic HepC	None	HCC	Hypo	Slightly hyper	Slightly hyper	A: Hyper V: Hypo	Surgery
[16]	42/M	+HepB +HepC	NASH	None	HCC	Hypo	Hypo	Hyper	A: Hyper V: Hyper	Laparotomy
[17]	54/M	Normal	None	None	HCC	Slightly hypo	Slightly hypo	Slightly hypo	A: Hyper V: Hypo	Surgery
[18]	32/M	↑AFP, ↑AST, +HepB	Chronic HepB	None	HCC	NA	Hypo	Hyper	A: Hyper V: Slightly hyper	Laparotomy
[19]	39/M	Normal	NA	None	Renal malignancy	Hypo	Hypo	Slightly hyper	A: Hyper V: Iso	Surgery
[20]	49/F	Normal	None	None	Hepatic malignancy	NA	NA	NA	A: Hyper V: Hypo	Laparotomy
[21]	69/M	Normal	None	None	Intrahepatic, abdominal splenosis	NA	Hypo	Slightly hyper	Hypovasc-ular	Percutaneousbiopsy

M: Male; F: Female; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; γGT: Gamma-glutamyltransferase; PT: Prothrombin time; LFTs: Liver function tests; Hep B+: Hepatitis B positive; Hep C+: Hepatitis C positive; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; A: Arterial phase; V: Portal venous phase; Iso: Isointense; Hypo: Hypointense; Hyper: Hyperintense (relative to the liver parenchyma); ND: Lesion not detected; NA: Not available.

Table 2 Typical enhancement characteristics of ectopic splenic tissue and other hepatic lesions

	Enhancement pattern
Splenosis	Arterially hyperenchancing; variable venous enhancement
HCC	Arterially hyperenhancing; venous hypoenhancement
Hepatic metastasis	Arterially variable enhancement; venous hypoenhancement
Haemangioma	Arterially peripheral nodular enhancement; venous infilling
FNH	Arterially hyperenhancing; venous iso/hyperenhancing with late enhancement of scar on MRI
Hepatic adenoma	Arterially hyperenhancing; variable venous enhancement

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; FNH: Focal nodular hyperplasia; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.