Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with worse intestinal complications in patients hospitalized for Clostridioides difficile infection

Table 2 Comparison of comorbid conditions and complications for patients hospitalized with Clostridioides difficile infection with coexisting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, viral liver disease and alcoholic liver disease

Variables	CDI with NAFLD	CDI with VLD	CDI with ALD	P value
n (weighted)	7239	11857	5938	CDI with NAFLD vs CDI with VLD	CDI with NAFLD vs CDI with ALD
Number of Elixhauser comorbidities				< 0.0001	< 0.0001
0	0 (0%)	114 (1%)	-
1	244 (3.4%)	574 (4.8%)	116 (2%)
2	656 (9.1%)	1409 (11.9%)	354 (6%)
≥ 3	6338 (87.6%)	9760 (82.3%)	5463 (92%)
Obesity	2012 (27.8%)	850 (7.2%)	372 (6.3%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Diabetes	2750 (38%)	3451 (29.1%)	1170 (19.7%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Hypertension	4300 (59.4%)	6347 (53.5%)	2980 (50.2%)	0.00058	< 0.0001
Dyslipidemia	2619 (36.2%)	1868 (15.8%)	905 (15.2%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Hepatocellular carcinoma	-	253 (2.1%)	45 (0.8%)	< 0.0001	0.0217
Cirrhosis related comorbidities1
Cirrhosis	401 (5.5%)	2508 (21.2%)	3407 (57.4%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Number of cirrhosis complications				0.0013	< 0.0001
0	137 (34.2%)	1773 (70.7%)	2105 (61.8%)
1	244 (60.8%)	688 (27.4%)	1104 (32.4%)
v ≥ 2	20 (5.0%)	47 (1.9%)	198 (5.8%)
Ascites	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	NA	NA
Esophageal varices bleeding	0 (0%)	-	20 (0.6%)	NA	NA
Hepatic encephalopathy	110 (27.4%)	60 (2.4%)	569 (16.7%)	0.003338	< 0.0001
Hepatorenal syndrome	0 (0%)	15 (0.6%)	33 (1.0%)	NA	NA
Portal hypertension	175 (43.6%)	661 (26.4%)	843 (24.7%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	0 (0%)	38 (1.5%)	40 (1.2%)	NA	NA

¹Value reported as percentage of all cirrhotic patients.

Values reported as weighted number [n (%)].-: Numbers were not displayed due to extremely small numbers were associated with increased risk for identification of persons; CDI: Clostridioides difficile infection; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; VLD: Viral liver disease; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; NA: Not available.