Analysis of gastric electrical rhythm in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Figure 1 Receiver operating characteristic curves comparing the potential of different variables to predict diabetic gastric motility disorders. Model 1 (Blue), fasting blood glucose (FBG), area under the curve (AUC) is 0.708; model 2 (Red), FBG+Duration, AUC is 0.715; model 3 (Green), FBG+Duration+25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], AUC is 0.750; model 4 (Orange), FBG+Duration+25(OH)D+ metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, AUC is 0.777. FBG: Fasting blood glucose; AUC: Area under the curve; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Figure 2 Prevalence of diabetic gastric motility disorders in different subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prevalence of diabetic gastric motility disorders (DGMD), according to the duration of diabetes, was 24.37%, 26.58% and 54.05% for < 5, 5-10 and > 10 years, respectively. Prevalence of DGMD increased significantly with prolonged course of diabetes (^aP < 0.05 vs group longer than 10 years). Prevalence of DGMD, according to the fasting blood glucose (FBG) of patients, was 13.33%, 16.98%, 30% and 46.27% for < 6.1, 6.1-7.8, 7.8-10 and > 10 mmol/L, respectively. Prevalence of DGMD increased significantly with increased FBG of patients (^bP < 0.05 vs group higher than 10.0 mmol/L). Prevalence of DGMD, according to the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] of patients, was 13.33%, 24.05% and 44.44% for > 30, 20-30 and < 20 ng/mL, respectively. Prevalence of DGMD increased significantly with decreased 25(OH)D of patients (^cP < 0.05 vs group lower than 20 ng/mL). Prevalence of DGMD in type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was 58.33% and in type 2 diabetes mellitus without MASLD was 19.32%. Incidence of DGMD positively correlated with MASLD (r = 0.402, ^dP < 0.05). FBG: Fasting blood glucose; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D.