Drainage of ascites in cirrhosis

Figure 1  Schematic diagram of large-volume paracentesis.

Figure 2 Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Establishing an artificial shunt between the hepatic vein and portal vein.

Figure 3 Schematic presentation of the automated low-flow ascites pump system. Ascitic fluid is aspirated through a catheter placed into the abdominal cavity and further transported into the bladder through a subcutaneous catheter. The battery-driven pump is implanted in the right middle quadrant of the abdomen.

Figure 4  Schematic illustration of the concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy process.

Figure 5  Peritoneal catheterization for the drainage of ascites.