修回日期: 2013-05-15
接受日期: 2013-05-19
在线出版日期: 2013-06-18
目的: 探讨脂联素基因-4522位点单核苷酸多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)的关系.
方法: 将140例NAFLD患者按口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT)进一步分为糖代谢正常组和异常组, 正常健康对照组100例. 检测血清脂联素, 并且采用PCR-RFLP技术对脂联素基因-4522 C/T进行基因分型.
结果: 正常人群C/C、C/T、T/T基因型比例为34.00%、52.00%、14.00%, T等位基因频率40.00%; 糖耐量正常组C/C、C/T、T/T基因型比例为19.36%、50.00%、30.64%, T等位基因频率55.65%. 与正常人群对比差异有显著性; 糖耐量异常组C/C、C/T、T/T基因型比例为12.86%、39.29%、47.86%, T等位基因频率76.92%. 与糖耐量正常组对比差异有显著性.
结论: 脂联素基因-4522位点存在单核苷酸多态性, NAFLD患者T等位基因频率高, T/T基因型者更易发生糖耐量异常.
核心提示: 非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)的患病与血清脂联素水平相关, 脂联素基因-4522位点存在单核苷酸多态性, T基因型者血清脂联素最低, 易于发生糖代谢异常, NAFLD患者TT基因型最常见.
引文著录: 张炜, 朱丽群, 蒋小猛, 曹亮, 程兆明, 徐岷. 非酒精性脂肪肝患者脂联素基因-4522位点的单核苷酸多态性. 世界华人消化杂志 2013; 21(17): 1660-1663
Revised: May 15, 2013
Accepted: May 19, 2013
Published online: June 18, 2013
AIM: To detect the relationship between the -4522 C/G single nucleotide polymorphism of the adiponectin gene and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
METHODS: In total, 140 patients with NAFLD and 100 normal controls were included in the study. Patients with NAFLD were further divided into a normal glucose metabolism group and a disordered glucose metabolism group based on the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The adiponectin gene -4522 C/G single nucleotide polymorphism and plasma adiponectin levels were measured in all subjects.
RESULTS: The C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were found in 19.36%, 50.00% and 30.64% of NAFLD patients with normal glucose metabolism, and in 34.00%, 52.00% and 14.00% of controls, respectively. The frequency of T/T genotype in NAFLD patients with normal glucose metabolism was significantly higher than that in controls. The C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were found in 12.86%, 39.29% and 47.86% of NAFLD patients with disordered glucose metabolism, respectively. The frequency of T/T genotype in NAFLD patients with normal glucose metabolism was significantly lower than that in patients with disordered glucose metabolism.
CONCLUSION: The -4522 C/G single nucleotide polymorphism of the adiponectin gene may play an important role in the development of NAFLD. The T allelic frequency is high in NAFLD patients with disordered glucose metabolism.
- Citation: Zhang W, Zhu LQ, Jiang XM, Cao L, Cheng ZM, Xu M. The -4522 C/G single nucleotide polymorphism of the adiponectin gene in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21(17): 1660-1663
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1009-3079/full/v21/i17/1660.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v21.i17.1660
非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)的发病机制很复杂, 胰岛素抵抗是其发生发展的基础. 血脂联素水平的降低与代谢综合征及胰岛素抵抗呈正相关[1,2]. 脂联素基因外显子存在多态性. 脂联素基因-4522位点单核苷酸多态性与NAFLD关系的研究, 国内鲜见.
选择2010-10/2011-11在我院就诊的NAFLD患者140例, 均符合2006年中华医学会肝脏病学分会提出的诊断标准[3], 男77例, 女63例. 所有患者否认就诊病前有糖尿病史及糖尿病家族史. 140例患者, 进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT)(75 g葡萄糖粉), 依OGTT结果, 将NAFLD患者分为糖代谢正常组和异常组; 另外选取在我院健康体检人员中随机选取我市无脂肪肝、心脑血管疾病、糖代谢异常、脂代谢异常的正常人100例, 作为健康对照组.
抽取空腹静脉血2 mL, 部分分离血清, 其中0.2 mL用ELASA法测定血脂联素浓度. 取剩余静脉血, 用酚/氯仿法提取DNA. 从GenBank中查取人脂联素基因序列, SNP -4522 C/T基因位点的rs号码为822393. 用Primer3软件进行在线引物设计, 并且经过多次修正, 设计引物如下: Forward primer 5'-GTTCTGACTTCCAAATCGGTG-3', Reverse primer 5'-CATTAGAGTCAAAAGCAGGGC-3'. 以上引物由上海生工生物工程公司设计并合成, -20 ℃保存. PCR扩增(PCR循环参数: 94 ℃预变性4 min, 94 ℃变性30 s, 61 ℃退火30 s, 57 ℃延伸30 s; 循环34次, 最后72 ℃延伸10 min); 扩增产物226 bp以限制性内切酶HinfⅠ酶切(37 ℃, 16 h); 酶切产物进行3%琼脂糖电泳; EB染色, 成像, 以此判定基因型.
统计学处理 采用SPSS11.5统计分析软件进行数据处理. 基因型和等位基因的比较用χ2检验. 血脂联素浓度为计量资料用mean±SD表示, 两样本均数的比较用t检验. P<0.05为有显著性差异.
根据OGTT检测结果, 140例NAFLD患者中合并糖代谢正常组有62例(44.3%), 糖代谢异常组有78例(55.7%), 其中合并糖尿病45例(32.1%), 葡萄糖耐量降低33例(23.6%).
NAFLD患者血清脂联素水平低于健康对照组(t = 15.05, P<0.05); 其中合并糖代谢异常者血清脂联素水平降低更明显, 与糖耐量正常的NAFLD差异有统计学意义(t = 7.33, P<0.05)(表1).
分组 | n | 血清脂联素(mg/L) |
健康对照组 | 100 | 10.77±2.46 |
糖代谢正常NAFLD组 | 62 | 7.46±2.33 |
糖代谢异常NAFLD组 | 78 | 5.01±1.72 |
NAFLD组 | 140 | 6.10±2.31 |
C/T基因型表现为217、144、73 bp 3条带. C/C基因型为144、73、9 bp 3条带, 但是9 bp不清晰, 所以表现为两条. T/T基因型为217、9 bp两条, 但是9 bp不清晰, 所以表现为一条条带(图1).
NAFLD患者TT基因型最常见, TT基因型频率明显高于健康对照组(χ2 = 29.90, P<0.05); CC基因型频率明显低于健康对照组(χ2 = 15.36, P<0.05); CT基因型频率也低于健康对照组, 但无统计学意义(χ2 = 3.18, P>0.05).
NAFLD患者中糖代谢异常者TT基因型频率明显高于糖代谢正常者(χ2 = 13.21, P<0.05); CC基因型频率低于糖代谢正常者(χ2 = 4.19, P<0.05); CT基因型频率也低于糖代谢正常者(χ2 = 5.36, P<0.05, 表2).
分组 | n | 基因型n(%) | ||
CC | CT | TT | ||
健康对照组 | 100 | 34(34.00) | 52(52.00) | 14(14.00) |
糖代谢正常NAFLD组 | 62 | 12(19.36) | 31(50.00) | 19(30.64) |
糖代谢异常NAFLD组 | 78 | 6(7.69) | 24(30.77) | 48(61.54) |
NAFLD组 | 140 | 18(12.86) | 55(39.29) | 67(47.86) |
NAFLD患者T等位基因频率明显高于健康对照组(χ2 = 35.81, P<0.05); NAFLD患者中糖代谢异常者T等位基因频率明显高于糖代谢正常者(χ2 = 14.26, P<0.05, 表3).
分组 | n | 等位基因频率n(%) | |
C | T | ||
健康对照组 | 100 | 120(60.00) | 80(40.00) |
糖代谢正常NAFLD组 | 62 | 55(44.35) | 69(55.65) |
糖代谢异常NAFLD组 | 78 | 36(23.08) | 120(76.92) |
NAFLD组 | 140 | 91(32.50) | 189(67.50) |
在所有240个研究对象中TT基因型者血清脂联素最低, CC基因型者血清脂联素最高. 两者对比有统计学差异(t = 31.93, P<0.05, 表4).
基因型 | n | 血清脂联素(mg/L) |
CC | 52 | 12.23±1.63 |
TT | 81 | 4.66±1.11 |
CT | 107 | 8.57±2.19 |
NAFLD是一种无过量饮酒史的以肝实质细胞脂肪变性和脂肪贮积为特征的临床病理综合征包括单纯性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝硬化甚至肝细胞癌[4]. 随着肥胖症及其相关代谢紊乱在我国的流行, NAFLD同样成为我国发达地区和富裕阶层的常见病[5,6].
NAFLD的发病机制具有多样性, 胰岛素抵抗是其发生发展的基础, 与糖代谢异常密切相关[7]. 本研究显示NAFLD患者糖代谢异常的发生率高达55.7%. 与此前我们的研究结果类似[8]. 脂联素是一种近几年新发现的脂肪细胞因子, 具有增加胰岛素敏感性和抗炎性的作用. 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)患者中的血清脂联素水平降低[9], 脂联素受体的肝内表达和肝脏炎症和纤维化呈负相关[10]. 脂联素敲除的小鼠, 会发生肝脂肪变和线粒体功能损害, 这致使小鼠易于遭受脂肪肝病的二次打击[11]. 本研究表明NAFLD患者血清脂联素低于正常水平, 合并糖代谢异常者更加低, 这提示胰岛素抵抗、糖代谢异常与血清脂联素水平密切相关. 测定血浆脂联素浓度可作为常规项目开展, 指导本地区的临床医师对非酒精性脂肪肝患者作出正确的评估.
已有研究发现脂联素基因外显子存在多态性, 并且已经证实其中多数与肥胖, 胰岛素抵抗, 2型糖尿病有关. 如脂联素+276、R112C、I164T、I221S、I241P、+45等[12-14]. 脂联素基因-4522 C/T该基因位点是近年发现的, 其单核苷酸多态性与肥胖, 胰岛素抵抗, 2型糖尿病以及冠心病有关, 而且在我国表现尤其突出[15]. 本研究结果显示脂联素基因-4522位点存在单核苷酸多态性, NAFLD患者TT基因型最常见, T等位基因频率高. 糖代谢异常者TT基因型频率明显高于糖代谢正常者, 表明T/T基因型者更易发生糖耐量异常. 通过对比基因型与脂联素水平的关系, 发现TT基因型者血清脂联素最低.
总之, NAFLD的患病与血清脂联素水平相关, 但是脂联素降低是NAFLD发生、发展的始动因素还是必然结果, 目前尚不明确. 脂联素基因-4522位点存在单核苷酸多态性, 据此找出一个人类NAFLD的易感性基因位点, 并且可以为其他相关学科如心血管科和内分泌科研究低脂联素相关性疾病提供基础. 若能够扩大样本量, 多地区多单位合作, 其结果更加可靠. 同时可以建立相关地区正常人群脂联素基因-4522位点基因型频率和等位基因频率的资料, 可以为正常人提供NAFLD及代谢综合征的发病预警.
胰岛素抵抗是非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)发生发展的基础, 血脂联素水平的降低与胰岛素抵抗, 脂联素基因-4522位点单核苷酸多态性, 目前还不清楚该基因位点多态性与NAFLD的关系.
迟宝荣, 教授, 吉林大学第一医院消化内科
NAFLD的发病机制是该领域的研究热点, 同时脂联素基因多态性研究较多, 但两者之间关系的研究较少.
血脂联素降低与NAFLD的发生、发展有关. 脂联素基因-4522位点存在C/T多态性, 与胰岛素抵抗, 2型糖尿病以及冠心病有关, 而且在我国表现尤其突出.
脂联素基因-4522位点单核苷酸多态性与NAFLD的关系, 两者相关性国内外近年来有一定研究, 该文样本量较大, 且以糖耐量异常分组, 具有一定的创新性.
建立相关地区正常人群脂联素基因-4522位点基因型频率和等位基因频率的资料, 可以为正常人提供NAFLD及代谢综合征的发病预警. 还可以为其他相关学科如心血管科和内分泌科研究低脂联素相关性疾病提供基础.
本文探讨脂联素基因-4522位点单核苷酸多态性与NAFLD的关系, 样本量较大, 且以糖耐量异常分组具有一定的创新性, 结果、结论较明确, 能较好地反映我国该领域研究的先进水平.
编辑:田滢 电编:鲁亚静
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