珍珠梅水提物对大鼠肝损伤的保护作用

摘要

目的

研究珍珠梅水提物的保肝作用.

方法

给动物灌胃给药, 用CCl₄, D-半乳糖造大鼠急性肝损伤模型, 用比色分析法测定大鼠血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate transaminase, ALT)、丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine transaminase, AST)的活性; 测定大鼠血清超氧化歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione perioxidase, GSH-Px)的活性及丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的含量.

结果

珍珠梅水提物显著降低因CCl₄, D-半乳糖所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT, AST的升高; 对急性肝损伤大鼠血清SOD, GSH-PX的活性有明显的升高作用及降低MDA的含量.

结论

珍珠梅水提物对CCl₄, D-半乳糖所致大鼠急性肝损伤有保护作用.

关键词: N/A

Studies on liver-protection of Sorbaria sorbifolia aqueous extract

Xue-Wu Zhang, Long Piao, Chao Liu, Quan Sun, Hai-Ling Jin, Zong-Zhu Yin

Xue-Wu Zhang, Quan Sun, Hai-Ling Jin, Zong-Zhu Yin, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China

Long Piao, Department of Science and Education, Affiliated Hospital, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China

Chao Liu, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China

Corresponding author: Xue-Wu Zhang, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine. 121 Juzi Street, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China. zlz2913835@sina.com

Received: March 29, 2003
Revised: April 20, 2003
Accepted: May 19, 2003
Published online: October 15, 2003

Abstract

AIM

To study the liver-protection effects of Sorbaria sorbifolia aqueous extract.

METHODS

Sorbaria sorbifolia was perfused into stomach of the rats with liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine. The activities of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione perioxidase (GSH-PX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated by using colorimetric method.

RESULTS

The aqueous extract of Sorbaria sorbifolia significantly reduced serum ALT and AST in acute liver-injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine, the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were signficantly higher in treated group than that in model group, and the MDA content in treated group was lower than that in model group.

CONCLUSION

The aqueous extract of Sorbaria sorbifolia has protecting effects for rats with acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine.

Key Words: N/A

0 引言

珍珠梅(sorbaria sorbifolia)属蔷薇科植物, 又称山高粱、八木条、珍珠杆, 广泛分布于云南、贵州、四川、湖北、甘肃、宁夏及东北, 有活血化瘀、消肿止痛, 治骨折、跌打损伤的作用, 我们曾研究珍珠梅乙酸乙酯提取物对CCl4所致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[1]. 本次实验研究珍珠梅水提物的保肝作用.

1 材料和方法

1.1 材料

珍珠梅采集于吉林省延吉市市郊. 水提取物: 珍珠梅茎、叶、花, 加水煎煮三次, 做成水煎液, 浓缩成1 mL含有生药4 g. SOD, MDA, GSH-PX试剂盒购置南京建成生物工程研究所, 联苯双酯由浙江温岭制药厂生产, 批号: 980813, 其他试剂均为国产分析纯. Wistar大鼠, 雌雄各半, 质量为180-200 g, 由延边大学医学院动物科提供.

1.2 方法

1.2.1 CCl₄致大鼠急性肝损伤 取Wistar大鼠50只, 随机分为正常组、模型组、大、小剂量给药组、阳性对照组组5个组. 给药组按10 g/kg、5 g/kg剂量、阳性对照组按0.2 g/kg剂量灌胃联苯双酯, 正常组、模型组以等体积生理盐水灌胃, 共5 d. 第4 d, 模型组、给药组和阳性对照组按5.0 mL/kg剂量背部皮下注射CCl₄, 正常组背部皮下注射等体积生理盐水. 皮下注射CCl₄ 24 h后, 摘眼球取血, 分离血清. 用全自动生化分析仪检测血清ALT, AST的活性, 用比色分析法检测血清SOD, GSH-PX的活性及MDA的含量.

1.2.2 D-半乳糖致大鼠急性肝损伤 取Wistar大鼠50只, 随机分为正常组、模型组、大、小剂量给药组、阳性对照组组5个组. 给药组按10 g/kg、5 g/kg剂量, 阳性对照组按0.2 g/kg联苯双酯灌胃, 正常组、模型组以等体积生理盐水灌胃, 共5 d. 第4 d, 模型组和给药组按0.5 g/kg剂量腹腔注射D-半乳糖, 正常组腹腔注射等体积生理盐水. 腹腔注射24 h后, 摘眼球取血, 分离血清. 用全自动生化分析仪检测血清ALT、AST的活性, 用比色分析法检测血清SOD、GSH-PX的活性及MDA的含量.

统计学处理 数据以mean±SD表示, 应用SPSS-10.0统计软件进行方差分析.

2 结果

2.1 CCl₄致急性肝损伤

珍珠梅水提取物明显降低CCl4所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT, AST的升高, 同时升高SOD, GSH-Px的活力, 降低MDA的含量(P<0.01或P<0.05, 表1).

表1 珍珠梅水提物对CCl₄所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT, AST, SOD, GSH-Px, MDA的影响 (mean±SD, n =10).

分组	CCl4 (mL/kg)	ALT (nkat/L)	AST(nkat/L)	SOD(nkat/L)	GSH-Px(nkat/L)	MDA(nmol/L)
正常组	0	1 396±135b	2 601±752b	666±26a	130±35a	1.3±0. 6a
模型组	5.0	1 2608±4 464	11 595±4 336	307±153	103 ±15	2.7±0.8
大剂量组	5.0	5 413±2 097a	4 160±1 476a	410±50a	142±8b	1.8±0.7a
小剂量组	5.0	5 850±1 994a	5 221±1 665a	525±125a	137±20b	1.3±1.0a
阳性对照组	5.0	2 279±1 901a	2 523±950a	591±169a	166±26b	1.5±0.5a

^aP<0.05,

^bP<0.01 vs Compared with model group.

2.2 D-半乳糖致急性肝损伤

珍珠梅水提取物明显降低D-半乳糖所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT、AST的升高, 同时升高SOD、GSH-Px的活力, 降低MDA的含量(P<0.01或P<0.05, 表2).

表2 珍珠梅水提物对D-半乳糖所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT, AST, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA的影响 (mean±SD, n =10).

分组	CCl4 (mL/kg)	ALT (nkat/L)	AST(nkat/L)	SOD(nkat/L)	GSH-Px(nkat/L)	MDA(nmol/L)
正常组	0	1 396±135a	2 601±752b	666±26a	130±35a	1.3±0.6a
模型组	0.5	10 881±3 954	9 238±3 572	367±114	121 ±9	3.0±0.3
大剂量组	0.5	4 600±1 894a	4 160±1 476a	423±26a	151±8b	1.4±0.9a
小剂量组	0.5	4 168±334a	4 955±1 416a	475±154a	153±20a	1.2±1.0a
阳性对照组	0.5	2 279±1 901a	2 523±950a	591±169a	166±26b	1.5±0.5a

^aP<0.05,

^bP<0.01 vs Compared with model group.

3 讨论

近年来研究表明, 肝损伤是多因素参与的复杂过程, 细胞质内ALT、AST渗入血液, 结果血清ALT、AST活性升高[2-13]. 自由基和脂质过氧化在肝损伤中起着十分重要的作用. D-半乳糖引起肝细胞内钙离子增多, 镁离子减少, 钙离子增多时抑制线粒体的呼吸功能, 激活磷脂酶, 分解膜磷脂, 破坏溶酶体膜, 使蛋白水解酶释放, 并使黄嘌呤脱氢酶转化为黄嘌呤氧化酶, 加速氧自由基的产生, 从而使损伤进一步加剧[14-16]. 自由基是人体正常生化过程的中间产物, 在机体正常及病理过程中都存在, 同时机体在进化过程中获得了清除氧自由基的一些酶, 如SOD, GSH-Px. 因此, 只有当自由基产生过多或者机体内的酶系统过少时才导致疾病.氧自由基可促使不饱和脂肪自由基形成, 脂质自由基可引起细胞膜的流动性、通透性和完整性的破坏, 进而使其双层结构发生断裂, 引起膜镶嵌的一系列酶的排列紊乱, 功能丧失, 细胞的能量产生系统瘫痪. SOD、GSH-Px的变化可以间接地反应疾病情况下自由基的变化. SOD为高效的清道夫, 可抑制自由基启动的脂质过氧化, GSH-Px是重要的催化过氧化氢分解的酶, 他特异地催化还原性GSH对过氧化氢的还原反应, 从而起到保护细胞膜结构与功能的完整作用. MDA是脂质过氧化的最终产物, 可严重破坏细胞膜的结构, 导致细胞肿胀、坏死, 其含量反映了组织过氧化的损伤程度[17-35].本实验中给药组SOD, GSH-Px较模型组显著升高, 而MDA含量显著降低, 这说明珍珠梅水提物的保肝机制与其对抗自由基脂质过氧化密切相关.

备注

$[Footnotes]

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