Inhibitory effects of RRR-α-tocopheryl succinate on benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in female mice

Table 1 Pathological alterations in each group at different periods of the experiment

Groups	Week 11			Week 16			Week 29
	H (%)	P (%)	S (%)	H (%)	P (%)	S (%)	H (%)	P (%)	S (%)
1. Succinic acid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2. Succinic acid + B(a)P	100	17.9	0	100	100	18.3	100	100	76.8
3. B(a)P	100	9.6	0	100	100	19.9	100	100	70.4
4. 1.25 g/kgVES + B(a)P	80.3	0	0	100	80.1	0	100	91.8	56.9
5. 2.5 g/kgVES + B(a)P	79.7	0	0	100	60.4	0	100	90.3	49.8
6. 20 mg/kgVES(ip) + B(a)P	69.7	0	0	100	49.7	0	100	80.7	18.4

H: Hyperplasia, P: Papillomas, S: Squamous cell carcinoma

Table 2 Inhibitory effects of VES on B(a)P induced forestomach tumorgenesis (x^-± s_x-)

Groups	No.of mice	Body weight (g)	Total tumors
			Tumors/mouse	% of mice with tumors
1. Succinic acid	12	39.5 ± 1.58	0	0
2. Succinic acid + B(a)P	9	40.2 ± 1.12	5.3 ± 0.48	100
3. B(a)P	10	40.6 ± 1.14	5.4 ± 0.32	100
4. 1.25 g/kgVES + B(a)P	11	40.1 ± 1.22	1.7 ± 0.41a (68.5)	81.8 (18.2)
5. 2.5 g/kgVES + B(a)P	13	39.9 ± 1.66	1.6 ± 0.34a	76.9 (23.1)
6. 20 mg/kgVES(ip) + B(a)P	10	38.7 ± 1.06	1.1 ± 0.43a (79.6)	50.0 (50.0)

^aCompared with B(a)P group (group 3), P < 0.05 (using Student t test) Numbers in parentheses are % of inhibition compared to group 3.

Table 3 Inhibitory effects of VES on the size of B(a)P-induced forestomach tumors (x^-± s_x-)

Groups	No.of mice	Vol/tumor (mm3)	Total tumor Vol/mouse (mm3)
1. Succinic acid	12	0	0
2. Succinic acid + B(a)P	9	31.5 ± 4.51	169.5 ± 33.42
3. B(a)P	10	27.8 ± 8.52	150.2 ± 20.93
4. 1.25 g/kgVES + B(a)P	11	31.7 ± 8.62 (0)	54.8 ± 8.84b (63.5)
5. 2.5 g/kgVES + B(a)P	13	17.6 ± 5.54 (36.7)	28.4 ± 8.32b
6. 20 mg/kgVES (ip) + B(a)P	10	21.7 ± 2.13 (21.9)	23.9 ± 16.05b (84.1)

^bCompared with the B(a)P group (group 3), P < 0.01 (using Student’s t test)ª¤Numbers in parentheses are % of inhibition of tumors compared to group 3.