Multimodality treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with tumor thrombi in portal vein

Table 1 Comparison of several treatments groups for HCC with PVTT

	Group A (n = 18)	Group B (n = 18)	Group C (n = 74)	Group D (n = 29)	P
Tumor diameter
< 10 cm	2	5	39	14	NS
≥ 10 cm	16	13	35	15
Tumor number
Single	7	13	46	18	NS
≥ 2	11	5	28	11
Encapsulation
Well	1	3	16	5	NS
Poor	17	15	58	24
PVTT in main trunk
-	6	12	58	24	NS
+	12	6	16	5

NS: No significance statistically.

Table 2 Survival time and rates of patients with PVTT

	Group A (n = 18)	Group B (n = 18)	Group C (n = 74)	Group D (n = 29)
Median survival periods (months)	2.0	5.0	12.0	16.0
Survival rates
1-year (%)	5.6	22.2	53.9a2	79.3a1
3-year (%)	0	5.6	26.9a2	38.9a1
5-year (%)	0	0	16.6a2	26.8a1

^a1P < 0.05, vs Group C, B and A;

^a2P < 0.05, vs Group B and C.

Table 3 Survival time and rates of patients with the tumor thrombi in the main trunk and the first branch of portal vein

	Tumor thrombi in the main trunk				Tumor thrombi in the first branch
	Gr.A (n = 12)	Gr.B (n = 6)	Gr.C (n = 16)	Gr.D (n = 5)	Gr.A (n = 6)	Gr.B (n = 12)	Gr.C (n = 58)	Gr.D (n = 24)
MST* (months)	2.0	5.5	8.0	16.0	2.0	5.0	13.0	16.5
Survival rate
1-year (%)	8.3	33.3	29.4	80.0	0	16.7	59.7	79.2
3-year (%)	0	0	14.3	20.0	0	8.3	27.4	54.6
5-year (%)	0	0	11.1	0	0	0	8.8	42.0

*MST: Median survival time.

Table 4 Curative effects and factors influencing the prognosis of patients after removal of HCC with PVTT

	Patients	1-year (%)	3-year (%)	5-year (%)	P
Removal of PVTT	103	61.7	32.3	22.4
Tumor diameter
< 10 cm	53	64.2	41.5	27.0	0.014a1
≥ 10 cm	50	59.7	25.2	19.3
PVTT in main trunk
-	82	66.3	36.9	26.1	0.027a2
+	21	42.9	14.3	8.6
Encapsulation
Well	21	75.6	30.9	8.6	0.928
Poor	82	58.4	32.9	26.7
Chemotherapy or chemoembolization after operation
No	74	53.9	26.9	16.6	0.012a3
Yes	29	79.3	38.9	26.8
Tumor number
Single	64	59.4	27.7	18.7	0.561
≥ 2	39	65.4	38.7	27.7

^a1P < 0.05 vs≥ 10 cm group;

^a2P < 0.05 vs PVTT in main trunk (+) group;

^a3P < 0.05 vs chemotherapy or chemoembolization after operation (yes) group.