Role of serological biomarkers in evaluating and predicting endoscopic activity in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Patient characteristics after propensity matching, n (%)

	UC	CD	HCs	P value1	P value2	P value3
Number of subjects, n	330	270	85	-	-	-
Age, years, median (IQR)	48 (33, 59)	47 (31, 54)	49 (41, 60)	0.084	0.062	0.108
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR)	23.84 (19.61, 24.37)	22.88 (18.40, 25.09)	24.59 (22.26, 28.73)	0.132	0.075	0.144
Gender
Male	174 (52.7)	156 (57.8)	44 (51.8)	0.480	0.327	0.129
Female	156 (47.3)	114 (42.2)	41 (48.2)
Duration of illness, years, median (IQR)	2 (0.6, 5)	1 (0.3, 3)	-
Endoscopic activity
Mild	122 (37.0)	137 (50.7)	-
Moderate	98 (29.7)	108 (40.0)	-
Severe	110 (33.3)	25 (9.3)	-

¹Represents ulcerative colitis group compared with healthy control group.

²Represents Crohn’s disease group compared with healthy control group.

³Represents ulcerative colitis group compared with Crohn’s disease group.

UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; HCs: Healthy controls; IQR: Interquartile range; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis of ulcerative colitis population

	Standard error	Wald-value	OR (95%CI)	P value
CAR	1.9005	9.7846	381.71 (9.21-15827.23)	0.0018
ESR	0.0262	10.0550	1.09 (1.03-1.14)	0.0015
PAR	0.0896	7.2274	1.27 (1.07-1.52)	0.0072

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; CAR: C-reactive protein/albumin; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PAR: Platelet/albumin.

Table 3 Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis of Crohn’s disease population

	Standard error	Wald-value	OR (95%CI)	P value
AGR	0.4894	39.6610	0.05 (0.02-0.12)	< 0.001
CAR	0.2161	6.3613	1.72 (1.13-2.63)	0.0117

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; AGR: Albumin/globulin; CAR: C-reactive protein/albumin.

Table 4 Baseline comparison between endoscopic response group and no-response group in ulcerative colitis group

	Endoscopic response group	Endoscopic no-response group	P value
CRP	12.77 (3.77, 43.39)	4.47 (1.82, 9.39)	0.037
CLR	6.69(2.56, 27.64)	2.29 (0.63, 4.13)	0.019
CAR	0.30(0.13, 0.86)	0.11 (0.03, 0.27)	0.031

CRP: C-reactive protein; CLR: C-reactive protein/lymphocyte; CAR: C-reactive protein/albumin.

Table 5 Baseline comparison between endoscopic response group and no-response group in Crohn’s disease group

	Endoscopic response group	Endoscopic no-response group	P value
CRP	22.94 (4.20, 41.00)	14.57 (6.45, 64.81)	0.003
CAR	0.67 (0.09, 1.10)	0.37 (0.16, 1.88)	0.026
CLR	20.85 (2.63, 27.04)	8.56 (4.08, 42.85)	< 0.001

CRP: C-reactive protein; CLR: C-reactive protein/lymphocyte; CAR: C-reactive protein/albumin.