Characterization of gallbladder stones associated with occult pancreaticobiliary reflux using computed tomography

Table 1 Clinical parameters between the two groups determined by occult pancreaticobiliary reflux

	All subjects	Without OPBR	With OPBR	P value
Patients	362	308	54	-
Age (years)	50 (38-60)	50 (37-60)	55 (45-62)	0.030
Gender				0.370
Male	128 (35.40)	106 (34.40)	22 (40.70)
Female	234 (64.60)	202 (65.60)	32 (59.30)
Bile amylase (U/L)	10.00 (0-20.00)	10.00 (0-20.00)	525.00 (335.00-1367.50)	< 0.001
Bile lipase (mmol/L)	94.00 (48.00-198.00)	83.00 (47.00-161.50)	2264.30 (1258.00-5357.25)	< 0.001
Bile free fatty acids (mmol/L)	0.20 (0-0.50)	0.20 (0-0.40)	0.99 (0.40-2.04)	< 0.001
Bile cholesterol (mmol/L)	11.60 (8.40-15.40)	11.70 (8.60-15.50)	10.20 (5.68-15.33)	0.200
Bile triglycerides (mmol/L)	3.40 (2.40-4.20)	3.40 (2.40-4.20)	3.20 (2.58-5.73)	0.600
Core density of stones (HU)	130.33 (27.21-450.40)	130.33 (25.79-451.55)	130.18 (46.41-430.23)	0.130
External density of stones (HU)	244.00 (114.13-503.70)	254.63 (112.90-508.28)	162.90 (114.64-519.69)	0.002
Overall density of stone (HU)	167.55 (71.71-439.63)	174.45 (70.81-450.85)	139.60 (102.90-394.60)	0.010
Visibility of stones				< 0.001
Yes	305 (84.30)	270 (87.70)	35 (64.80)
No	57 (15.70)	38 (12.30)	19 (35.20)
Characteristics of stones				0.030
Uniform	272 (75.10)	225 (73.10)	47 (87.00)
Not uniform	90 (24.90)	83 (26.90)	7 (13.00)
Bile density (HU)	19.69 (13.16-25.88)	20 (13.18-25.81)	19.07 (11.46-29.46)	0.770
Liver density (HU)	62.38 (57.38-65.82)	62.24 (57.44-65.81)	62.68 (54.87-66.41)	0.960
Spleen density (HU)	51.91 (49.12-54.1)	52.04 (49.80-54.18)	51.45 (49.03-54.08)	0.220
Hepatic steatosis				0.880
No	346 (95.60)	284 (92.21)	52 (96.30)
Yes	15 (4.14)	13 (4.22)	2 (3.70)

Data were represented as n (%). OPBR: Occult pancreaticobiliary reflux.