Effect of Dendrobium nobile powder combined with conventional therapy on mild to moderate fatty liver

Table 1 The general information, n (%)/mean ± SD

Characteristic	Observation group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	χ2/t value	P value
Gender			0.208	0.648
Male	25 (62.50)	23 (57.50)
Female	15 (37.50)	17 (42.50)
Age (years)	41.87 ± 5.49	42.15 ± 5.82	0.221	0.825
Weight (kg)	70.98 ± 5.37	71.32 ± 5.14	0.289	0.773
Disease course (years)	4.72 ± 0.51	4.57 ± 0.62	1.182	0.241
Education level			0.281	0.964
Elementary and junior high school	7 (17.50)	8 (20.00)
Senior high school	13 (32.50)	11 (27.5)
Technical secondary school	10 (25.00)	11 (27.5)
Junior college	10 (25.00)	10 (25.00)

Table 2 The therapeutic effects, n (%)

Group	n	Heal	Remarkable effect	Effective	Invalid	Total efficiency (%)
Observation group	40	25 (62.50)	8 (20.00)	6 (15.00)	1 (2.50)	39 (97.50)
Control group	40	18 (45.00)	7 (17.50)	4 (10.00)	11 (27.50)	29 (72.50)
χ2/t value						9.804
P value						0.002

Table 3 Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores before and after treatment (n = 40, points, mean ± SD)

Group	Main symptoms		Secondary symptoms
	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment
Observation group	9.46 ± 1.38	1.82 ± 0.291	5.16 ± 1.39	1.23 ± 0.231
Control group	9.33 ± 1.27	3.76 ± 0.662	5.22 ± 1.42	2.87 ± 0.712
t value	0.438	17.020	0.191	13.898
P value	0.662	< 0.0001a	0.849	< 0.0001a

^aP < 0.05.

¹P Defined compared with the observation group before treatment.

²P Defined compared with the control group before treatment.

Table 4 The liver fibrosis before and after treatment (n = 40, ng/mL, mean ± SD)

Group	Hyaluronic acid		Laminin		PC III		Type IV collagen
	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment
Observation group	118.29 ± 20.41	68.82 ± 12.361	113.86 ± 26.63	90.58 ± 9.781	110.02 ± 18.81	84.35 ± 9.911	75.36 ± 13.18	60.45 ± 8.481
Control group	117.87 ± 20.33	108.56 ± 18.812	112.91 ± 25.48	101.17 ± 25.652	109.87 ± 17.75	95.52 ± 13.362	75.58 ± 14.04	71.56 ± 11.512
t value	0.092	11.167	0.163	2.440	0.044	4.247	0.072	4.915
P value	0.927	< 0.0001a	0.871	0.017	0.971	< 0.0001a	0.943	< 0.0001a

^aP < 0.05.

¹P Defined compared with the observation group before treatment.

²P Defined compared with the control group before treatment.

PC III: Human rocollagen III.

Table 5 The liver function and blood lipid levels before and after treatment (n = 40, mean ± SD)

Group	ALT (U/L)		AST (U/L)		TC (mmol/L)		TG (mmol/L)
	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment
Observation group	78.74 ± 7.71	53.35 ± 5.541	65.25 ± 8.83	34.03 ± 4.011	6.09 ± 1.35	4.03 ± 1.081	2.11 ± 0.43	1.34 ± 0.251
Control group	77.78 ± 8.05	60.48 ± 6.252	64.98 ± 8.91	50.82 ± 6.432	6.02 ± 1.26	5.78 ± 1.222	2.15 ± 0.29	1.89 ± 0.342
t value	0.545	5.399	0.136	14.013	0.240	6.793	0.488	8.243
P value	0.588	< 0.0001a	0.892	< 0.0001a	0.811	< 0.0001a	0.627	< 0.0001a

^aP < 0.05.

¹P Defined compared with the observation group before treatment.

²P Defined compared with the control group before treatment.

ALT: Glutamic pyruvic transaminase; AST: Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride.

Table 6 Serum inflammatory factors before and after treatment in patients in group 5 (n = 40, mean ± SD)

Group	TNF-α (ng/L)		IL-1β (pg/mL)		IL-8 (μg/L)
	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment	Before treatment	After 8 weeks of treatment
Observation group	12.05 ± 2.28	9.03 ± 2.081	59.87 ± 5.16	44.13 ± 4.651	28.71 ± 5.24	19.06 ± 3.361
Control group	12.47 ± 2.19	11.58 ± 2.062	58.86 ± 6.31	55.26 ± 5.092	27.98 ± 5.54	23.68 ± 4.462
t value	0.840	5.509	0.784	10.210	0.605	5.233
P value	0.403	< 0.0001a	0.436	< 0.0001a	0.547	< 0.0001a

^aP < 0.05.

¹P Defined compared with the observation group before treatment.

²P Defined compared with the control group before treatment.

TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin.

Table 7 Comparison of adverse reactions, n (%)

Group	n	Nausea and vomiting	Skin rash	Dizziness and headache	Total incidence rate (%)
Observation group	40	0 (0.00)	1 (2.50)	1 (2.50)	2 (5.00)
Control group	40	3 (7.50)	4 (10.00)	2 (5.00)	9 (22.50)
χ2 value					5.165
P value					0.023