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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2024; 30(12): 1727-1738
Published online Mar 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1727
Published online Mar 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1727
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
| Characteristic | Total (n = 283) | Training cohort (n = 189) | Validation cohort (n = 94) | P value |
| Age (yr) | 52.71 ± 11.15 | 52.86 ± 11.65 | 52.43 ± 10.12 | 0.760 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.467 | |||
| Male | 241 (85.2) | 163 (86.2) | 78 (83.0) | |
| Female | 42 (14.8) | 26 (13.8) | 16 (17.0) | |
| Sarcopenia, n (%) | 91 (32.2) | 54 (28.6) | 37 (39.4) | 0.067 |
| Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 169 (59.7) | 105 (55.6) | 64 (68.1) | 0.053 |
| MVI, n (%) | 126 (44.5) | 89 (47.1) | 37 (39.6) | 0.218 |
| Tumor differentiation, n (%) | 0.530 | |||
| Poor | 56 (19.8) | 33 (17.5) | 23 (24.5) | |
| Moderate | 128 (45.2) | 81 (42.9) | 47 (50.0) | |
| Well | 99 (35.0) | 75 (39.6) | 24 (25.5) | |
| Liver capsular invasion | 160 (56.5) | 112 (59.3) | 45 (51.1) | 0.190 |
| Maximum diameter of tumor, n (%) | 0.062 | |||
| ≤ 3 cm | 72 (25.4) | 40 (21.2) | 32 (34.0) | |
| 3-5 cm | 62 (21.9) | 43 (22.8) | 19 (20.2) | |
| > 5 cm | 149 (52.7) | 106 (56.1) | 43 (45.7) | |
| HBV-DNA, n (%) | 0.130 | |||
| < 2000 IU/mL | 173 (61.1) | 127(67.2) | 46 (48.9) | |
| ≥ 2000 IU/mL | 110 (38.9) | 62 (32.8) | 48 (51.1) | |
| AFP ≥ 40 ng/mL | 158 (55.8) | 106 (56.1) | 52 (55.3) | 0.903 |
| ALT, U/L | 36 (26-58) | 36 (26-51.75) | 38.5 (26.75-63.5) | 0.191 |
| Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 14.80 (11.15-22.02) | 14.80 (11.15-22.02) | 19.8 (11.95-30.4) | 0.051 |
| Albumin, g/L | 40.2 (35.80-43.70) | 40.52 (35.43-43.98) | 40.2 (36.32-43.02) | 0.796 |
| INR | 1.02 (0.95-1.09) | 1.01 (0.94-1.08) | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) | 0.146 |
| Leukocyte, 109/L | 5.49 (4.24-7.14) | 5.38 (4.37-6.49) | 6.13 (4.04-8.05) | 0.054 |
| PLT, 109/L | 154 (105-207) | 162 (109-220) | 137 (94-185) | 0.012 |
| Recurrence | 144 (50.9) | 104 (55) | 40 (42.6) | 0.221 |
Table 2 Baseline characteristics of and biochemical data of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the training cohort
| Characteristic | Total (n = 189) | Recurrence group (n = 104) | Non-recurrence group (n = 85) | P value |
| Age (yr) | 52.86 ± 11.65 | 51.92 ± 11.42 | 54 ± 11.88 | 0.751 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.579 | |||
| Male | 163 (86.2) | 91 (87.5) | 72 (84.7) | |
| Female | 26 (13.8) | 13 (12.5) | 13 (15.3) | |
| Sarcopenia, n (%) | 54 (28.6) | 36 (66.7) | 18 (33.3) | 0.042 |
| Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 105 (55.6) | 55 (52.4) | 50 (47.6) | 0.414 |
| MVI, n (%) | 89 (47.1) | 56 (62.9) | 33 (37.1) | 0.04 |
| Tumor differentiation, n (%) | 0.008 | |||
| Poor | 33 (17.5) | 22 (66.7) | 11 (33.3) | |
| Moderate | 81 (42.9) | 51 (63.0) | 30 (37.0) | |
| Well | 75 (39.6) | 31 (41.3) | 44 (58.7) | |
| Liver capsular invasion | 112 (59.3) | 67 (59.8) | 45 (40.2) | 0.11 |
| Maximum diameter of tumor, n (%) | 0.003 | |||
| ≤ 3 cm | 40 (21.2) | 16 (40.0) | 25 (60.0) | |
| 3-5 cm | 43 (22.8) | 18 (41.9) | 25 (58.1) | |
| > 5 cm | 106 (56.1) | 70 (66.0) | 38 (34.0) | |
| HBV-DNA, n (%) | 0.002 | |||
| < 2000 IU/mL | 127 (67.2) | 60 (47.2) | 67 (52.8) | |
| ≥ 2000 IU/mL | 62 (32.8) | 44 (71.0) | 20 (29.0) | |
| AFP ≥ 40 ng/mL | 106 (56.1) | 70 (66.0) | 36 (34.0) | 0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 36 (26-51.75) | 36 (28-52.75) | 36 (22.25-51) | 0.481 |
| Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 14.80 (11.15-22.02) | 15.90 (12.15-23.15) | 14.3 (10.55-19.70) | 0.051 |
| Albumin, g/L | 40.52 (35.43-43.98) | 39.05 (34.65-43.5) | 41 (36.62-44.48) | 0.096 |
| INR | 1.01 (0.94-1.08) | 1.0 (0.95-1.07) | 1.01 (0.93-1.09) | 0.846 |
| Leukocyte, 109/L | 5.38 (4.37-6.49) | 5.38 (4.24-6.79) | 5.39 (4.5-6.36) | 0.921 |
| PLT, 109/L | 162 (109-220) | 147 (100-200) | 176 (116-234) | 0.056 |
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after hepatectomy involving whether pathological factors in the training cohort
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis without pathological factors | Multivariate analysis with pathological factors | ||||||
| HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | |
| Male | 1.038 | 0.58-1.858 | 0.9 | ||||||
| Age (yr) | 0.991 | 0.975-1.007 | 0.255 | ||||||
| Sarcopenia | 1.61 | 1.073-2.416 | 0.022 | 1.814 | 1.196-2.751 | 0.005 | 1.819 | 1.199-2.759 | 0.005 |
| Liver cirrhosis (yes, no) | 0.888 | 0.593-1.328 | 0.562 | ||||||
| Liver capsular invasion | 1.289 | 0.863-1.927 | 0.215 | ||||||
| ALT (U/L) | 1 | 0.997-1.002 | 0.746 | ||||||
| Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 0.994 | 0.975-1.014 | 0.577 | ||||||
| Albumin (g/L) | 0.971 | 0.942-1.001 | 0.061 | ||||||
| INR | 1.055 | 0.951-1.171 | 0.312 | ||||||
| MVI | 1.663 | 1.13-2.449 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Tumor differentiation | |||||||||
| Well | Ref. | ||||||||
| Moderate | 1.764 | 1.127-2.76 | 0.013 | ||||||
| Poor | 1.93 | 1.115-3.34 | 0.019 | ||||||
| Maximum diameter of tumor | |||||||||
| ≤ 3 cm | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| 3-5 cm | 1.063 | 0.542-2.087 | 0.858 | 1.134 | 0.576-2.233 | 0.715 | 1.151 | 0.585-2.268 | 0.684 |
| > 5 cm | 2.202 | 1.277-3.796 | 0.005 | 2.286 | 1.322-3.952 | 0.003 | 2.228 | 1.288-3.852 | 0.004 |
| HBV-DNA | |||||||||
| < 2000 IU/mL | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| ≥ 2000 IU/mL | 2.007 | 1.358-2.966 | < 0.001 | 2.191 | 1.468-3.272 | < 0.001 | 2.162 | 1.45-3.223 | < 0.001 |
| AFP ≥ 40 ng/mL | 1.92 | 1.269-2.904 | 0.002 | 2.032 | 1.322-3.952 | < 0.001 | 1.823 | 1.198-2.773 | 0.005 |
- Citation: Peng H, Lei SY, Fan W, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Xiong TT, Liu TZ, Huang Y, Wang XF, Xu JH, Luo XH. Assessing recent recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma by a predictive model based on sarcopenia. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(12): 1727-1738
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v30/i12/1727.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1727