Advancements in medical treatment for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A beacon of hope

Table 1 Clinical trials related to medical therapy in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

Trial	Population	Study design	Drug	NET	Outcome
PROMID	85	RCT	Octreotide LAR	Metastatic Midgut NET	PFS 14.3 vs 6 m
CLARINET	204	RCT	Lanreotide	G1, G2 non-functioning NET	32% increase in PFS at 24 m
RADIANT 4	302	RCT	Everolimus	Non-functioning NET	PFS 11 vs 4 m; 52% reduction of death
Kurita et al[6]	100	Retrospective	Everolimus	Pan-NET	PFS is longer with G1, G2 than G3, NEC; Metformin increases PFS
NETTER 1	229	RCT	Lu DOTATATE with Octreotide LAR	Metastatic Midgut NET	54.4% increase in PFS at 20 m
Rogowski et al[8]	32	retrospective	capecitabine and temozolomide	G3 NET	PFS 15.3 m in G3 NET, 3.3 m in NEC
Morizane et al[9]	170	RCT	etoposide and cisplatin vs irinotecan and cisplatin	NEC	PFS 5.6 months in EP vs 5.1 months in IP
Bernard et al[13]	12	Retrospective	Everolimus	Malignant insulinoma	Hypoglycemia resolve in 11/12. Median recurrence at 6.5 m
TELECAST	76	RCT	Telotristat ethyl	Carcinoid syndrome	Sustained reductions in u5-HIAA and diarrhea

NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; RCT: Randomized control trial; PFS: Progression-free survival; NEC: Neuroendocrine carcinoma; LAR: Long-acting release.