Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Characteristics of enrolled subjects

Variable	Numerical value
Male, n (%)	49 (74.2)
Age (yr), mean ± SD	39 ± 12
Fatty liver disease course (month) (M, Q)	36 (9.0)
Smoking, n (%)	15 (22.7)
Likes fried food, n (%)	20 (30.3)
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	28.4 ± 3.3
Waist-hip ratio, mean ± SD	0.9 ± 0.0
Abnormal blood pressure, n (%)	20 (30.3)
ALT (U/L) (M, Q)	64.5 (60.8)
AST (U/L) (M, Q)	36.0 (25.4)
GGT (U/L) (M, Q)	48.0 (44.0)
ALP (U/L) (M, Q)	78.0 (29.5)
TBIL (µmol/L) (M, Q)	14.7 (7.3)
FBG (mmol/L) (M, Q)	6.0 (0.9)
TG (mmol/L) (M, Q)	2.0 (1.3)
CHO (mmol/L), mean ± SD	5.0 ± 1.1
FINS (µU/L) (M, Q)	13.9 (8.2)
UA (µmol/L) (M, Q)	421.5 (116.5)
CAP (dB/m), mean ± SD	331.4 ± 33.0
LSM (kPa) (M, Q)	6.6 (2.9)
Walking (number of steps) (M, Q)	4519.0 (4564.5)
Reduction in caloric intake (kcal) (M, Q)	68.0 (127.8)

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TG: Triglyceride; TC: Total cholesterol; UA: Umbilical artery; BMI: Body mass index; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; FINS: Fasting insulin; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter; LSM: Liver stiffness measurement.

Table 2 Basic information and internal consistency reliability

EDAS	Number of entries	Score	Mean score	Standard deviation	Lowest score	Highest score	Cronbach’s α
Understanding and valuing	7	35	24.65	4.64	13	35	0.739
Belief	4	20	16.23	2.39	7	20	0.747
Self-control of diet	7	35	22.39	3.89	10	33	0.771
Strengthen exercise self-control	5	25	15.00	3.65	7	25	0.813
Control dietary conditions	3	15	10.35	2.58	3	15	0.791
Strengthen exercise conditions	7	35	21.80	5.07	9	33	0.776
Total scale	33	165	110.42	14.49	67	149	0.874

EDAS: Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale.

Table 3 Correlations among the six dimensions

EDAS	Understanding and valuing	Belief	Self-control of diet	Strengthen exercise self-control	Control dietary conditions	Strengthen exercise conditions
Understanding and valuing	1.000
Belief	0.280	1.000
Self-control of diet	0.056	0.335	1.000
Strengthen exercise self-control	0.096	0.324	0.455	1.000
Control dietary conditions	0.057	0.137	0.583	0.398	1.000
Strengthen exercise conditions	0.050	0.322	0.473	0.494	0.624	1.000

EDAS: Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale.

Table 4 Calibration validity analysis

EDAS	r (P value)
	Daily exercise steps	Daily calorie intake reduction (kcal)	Weight loss (kg)
Understanding and valuing	0.03 (0.842)	0.11 (0.373)	0.05 (0.712)
Belief	0.29 (0.020)a	0.34 (0.006)a	0.24 (0.054)
Self-control of diet	0.23 (0.064)	0.64 (< 0.001)a	0.14 (0.262)
Strengthen exercise self-control	0.40 (0.001)a	0.17 (0.183)	0.14 (0.279)
Control dietary conditions	0.20 (0.104)	0.56 (< 0.001)a	0.26 (0.037)a
Strengthen exercise conditions	0.33 (0.007)a	0.26 (0.035)a	0.19 (0.133)
Total scale	0.37 (0.002)a	0.50 (< 0.001)a	0.24 (0.056)

^aP < 0.05.

EDAS: Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale.