Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2022; 28(36): 5338-5350
Published online Sep 28, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i36.5338
Table 1 Patient baseline population and image index characteristic
VariablesTraining set
Testing set
Overall (n = 368)
Yes (n = 62)
No (n = 306)
P value
Overall (n = 158)
Yes (n = 29)
No (n = 129)
P value
Age (median, IQR), yr51.00 (40.75, 61.00)52.50 (40.25, 64.50)51.00 (41.00, 60.00)0.18547.00 (37.25, 58.75)53.00 (39.00, 63.00)46.00 (37.00, 57.00)0.215
Sex (%)
Male266 (72.3)48 (77.4)218 (71.2)0.404123 (77.8)21 (72.4)102 (79.1)0.594
Female102 (27.7)14 (22.6)88 (28.8)35 (22.2)8 (27.6)27 (20.9)
Site (%)
Nearly 1/381 (22.0)10 (16.1)71 (23.2)0.38437 (23.4)9 (31.0)28 (21.7)0.138
Medium 1/373 (19.8)15 (24.2)58 (19.0)23 (14.6)1 (3.4)22 (17.1)
Far 1/3214 (58.2)37 (59.7)177 (57.8)98 (62.0)19 (65.5)79 (61.2)
Ulcer (%)
Yes103 (28.0)21 (33.9)82 (26.8)0.32945 (28.5)11 (37.9)34 (26.4)0.308
No265 (72.0)41 (66.1)224 (73.2)113 (71.5)18 (62.1)95 (73.6)
Gross_type (%)
Uplift98 (26.6)14 (22.6)84 (27.5)0.58756 (35.4)8 (27.6)48 (37.2)0.227
Flat72 (19.6)11 (17.7)61 (19.9)27 (17.1)8 (27.6)19 (14.7)
Sunken198 (53.8)37 (59.7)161 (52.6)75 (47.5)13 (44.8)62 (48.1)
Tumor_size (%)
≤ 2 cm296 (80.4)18 (29.0)278 (90.8)< 0.001120 (75.9)6 (20.7)114 (88.4)< 0.001
> 2 cm72 (19.6)44 (71.0)28 (9.2)38 (24.1)23 (79.3)15 (11.6)
Infiltration_depth (%)
Mucosal layer267 (72.6)12 (19.4)255 (83.3)< 0.001113 (71.5)9 (31.0)104 (80.6)< 0.001
Submucosa101 (27.4)50 (80.6)51 (16.7)45 (28.5)20 (69.0)25 (19.4)
Vascular_invasion (%)
Yes124 (33.7)42 (67.7)82 (26.8)< 0.00156 (35.4)21 (72.4)35 (27.1)< 0.001
No244 (66.3)20 (32.3)224 (73.2)102 (64.6)8 (27.6)94 (72.9)
VTT (%)
Yes124 (33.7)45 (72.6)79 (25.8)< 0.00144 (27.8)23 (79.3)21 (16.3)< 0.001
No244 (66.3)17 (27.4)227 (74.2)114 (72.2)6 (20.7)108 (83.7)
TF (median, IQR)3.78 (3.56, 3.99)4.13 (3.97, 4.27)3.70 (3.51, 3.90)< 0.0013.79 (3.52, 4.01)4.16 (4.00, 4.31)3.70 (3.49, 3.93)< 0.001
EV (median, IQR)0.88 (0.64, 1.12)0.60 (0.49, 0.68)0.98 (0.72, 1.20)< 0.0010.85 (0.65, 1.09)0.64 (0.54, 0.70)0.92 (0.72, 1.16)< 0.001
Entropy (median, IQR)8.68 (8.37, 8.98)10.51 (10.07, 10.88)8.57 (8.33, 8.83)< 0.0018.79 (8.43, 9.02)10.44 (10.16, 10.96)8.65 (8.38, 8.89)< 0.001
IG_all (median, IQR)2.16 (1.76, 2.47)3.04 (2.64, 3.62)2.03 (1.69, 2.30)< 0.0012.12 (1.75, 2.47)2.94 (2.70, 3.54)1.97 (1.64, 2.31)< 0.001
IG_0 (median, IQR)2.26 (1.75, 2.66)3.34 (2.72, 3.80)2.10 (1.69, 2.48)< 0.0012.41 (1.90, 2.79)3.70 (3.16, 4.18)2.22 (1.77, 2.62)< 0.001
IG_45 (median, IQR)1.88 (1.54, 2.18)2.85 (2.32, 3.26)1.78 (1.47, 2.04)< 0.0011.85 (1.48, 2.18)2.73 (2.31, 3.11)1.74 (1.40, 2.03)< 0.001
IG_90 (median, IQR)2.34 (1.85, 2.85)3.36 (2.89, 3.84)2.20 (1.75, 2.63)< 0.0012.42 (1.94, 2.78)3.27 (3.03, 3.61)2.25 (1.75, 2.61)< 0.001
IV_all (median, IQR)176.90 (148.98, 207.25)134.80 (109.30, 163.02)182.00 (156.00, 210.75)< 0.001175.50 (143.25, 200.75)133.50 (105.80, 155.70)183.00 (154.00, 206.00)< 0.001
IV_all_SD (median, IQR)4584.00 (3148.00, 6602.50)2166.50 (1340.50, 3535.00)5025.00 (3747.00, 7011.75)< 0.0014940.50 (2987.25, 6682.00)2849.00 (1841.00, 3428.00)5618.00 (3813.00, 6897.00)< 0.001
IV_0 (median, IQR)149.85 (122.75, 186.75)96.40 (78.95, 125.82)163.20 (134.00, 195.65)< 0.001146.70 (112.78, 185.57)74.10 (65.60, 90.60)158.40 (131.40, 196.20)< 0.001
IV_45 (median, IQR)239.55 (201.40, 284.75)164.40 (123.83, 188.62)254.30 (220.67, 290.60)< 0.001226.25 (201.25, 266.67)157.40 (133.90, 193.80)243.90 (214.30, 273.50)< 0.001
IV_90 (median, IQR)129.00 (103.00, 154.00)101.00 (77.75, 119.00)134.00 (109.25, 159.00)< 0.001124.50 (109.00, 150.75)105.00 (77.00, 118.00)133.00 (117.00, 156.00)< 0.001
Haralick_all (median, IQR)0.10 (0.09, 0.10)0.12 (0.11, 0.13)0.09 (0.09, 0.10)< 0.0010.10 (0.09, 0.10)0.12 (0.12, 0.14)0.09 (0.09, 0.10)< 0.001
Haralick_30 (median, IQR)0.10 (0.09, 0.11)0.14 (0.12, 0.15)0.10 (0.09, 0.11)< 0.0010.10 (0.09, 0.11)0.14 (0.13, 0.15)0.10 (0.09, 0.11)< 0.001
Haralick_45 (median, IQR)0.09 (0.08, 0.10)0.11 (0.10, 0.12)0.09 (0.08, 0.10)< 0.0010.09 (0.08, 0.10)0.11 (0.10, 0.13)0.09 (0.08, 0.10)< 0.001
Haralick_90 (median, IQR)0.11 (0.10, 0.13)0.14 (0.12, 0.16)0.11 (0.09, 0.12)< 0.0010.12 (0.10, 0.13)0.15 (0.12, 0.16)0.11 (0.09, 0.13)< 0.001
CSV (median, IQR)106.00 (102.00, 111.00)108.00 (105.00, 111.00)106.00 (101.00, 111.00)0.001107.00 (102.25, 111.00)109.00 (105.00, 113.00)107.00 (102.00, 111.00)0.007
CP (median, IQR)65.50 (60.00, 70.00)68.00 (66.00, 71.00)64.00 (59.00, 70.00)< 0.00164.00 (60.00, 68.00)67.00 (64.00, 68.00)63.00 (59.00, 68.00)0.002
Table 2 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of lymph node metastasis in each mL based model
Model
Training set
Testing set
Variables1
AUC mean
AUC 95%CI
AUC mean
AUC 95%CI
RFC0.9250.378-1.4720.9120.355-1.469Entropy, Haralick_all, Haralick_30, IG_all, IG_45, IG_0, IV_45
ANN0.8870.340-1.4340.8370.280-1.394Entropy, IG_all, IG_0, IG_45, IG_90, IV_all, IV_all_SD, IV_0, IV_45, Haralick_all, Haralick_30
DT0.8560.309-1.4030.8130.256-1.370Entropy, Haralick_all, Haralick_30, IG_all, IG_45, IG_0, IV_45
XGboost0.8140.267-1.3610.8070.250-1.364Entropy, Haralick_all, Haralick_30, IG_all, IG_45, IG_0, IV_45, IG_90
SVM0.8050.258-1.3520.7940.237-1.351Entropy, Haralick_all, Haralick_30, IG_all, IG_45, IG_0, IV_45
GLM0.7960.229-1.3620.7990.233-1.365Entropy, Haralick_all, Haralick_30, IG_all, IG_45, IG_0, IV_45
Radiologist0.7890.242-1.3360.8010.254-1.348-