Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2022; 28(3): 381-398
Published online Jan 21, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i3.381
Table 1 Clinico-pathologic patient characteristics
Characteristics


Sex
Male10858.1%
Female7841.9%
Age, yr64.9 ± 12.4Range 24-90
Primary tumor location
Gastroesophageal junction2211.8%
Upper third2513.4%
Middle third5831.2%
Lower third8143.5%
Histological type (Lauren classification)
Enteric type9651.6%
Diffuse type6434.4%
Mixed type2614.0%
Type of resection
Total gastrectomy88
Subtotal gastrectomy98
Size, cm4.4 ± 2.3Range 0.5-14
Number of lymph nodes retrieved38.3 ± 10.9Range 17-98
Number of positive lymph nodes4.1 ± 3.6Range 0-39
Operation time, minutes260 ± 76.1
Length of stay, d12.7 ± 8.2
T status
T1a3619.3%
T1b42.1%
T27942.5%
T35630.1%
T4a21.1%
T4b94.8%
Depth
Mucosa147.5%
Submucosa3116.7%
Muscularis propria3719.9%
Subserosa (suspected invasion)4624.7%
Subserosa (certain invasion)4926.3%
Serosa42.1%
Adjacent structures52.7%
N status
N07439.8%
N13719.9%
N23116.7%
N3a3317.7%
N3b115.9%
Stage AJCC/TNM
IA2915.6%
IB3217.2%
IIA3418.3%
IIB3518.8%
IIIA2312.4%
IIIB2614.0%
IIIC73.8%
Table 2 Mortality, overall morbidity and surgical morbidity in all patients
Characteristics
Number of cases
Mortality
Overall morbidity
Surgical morbidity
18674017
Sex
Male1083249
Female784168
P = 0.4P = 0.8P = 0.7
Age
> 65 yr8072210
≤ 65 yr1060187
P = 0.002P = 0.1P = 0.2
Type of surgery
TG883117
STG9842910
P = 1.0P = 0.006P = 0.6
Kattan score
≥ 100 points12173214
< 100 points65083
P = 0.09P = 0.02P = 0.1
Lymphadenectomy
> 35 lymph nodes10332416
≤ 35 lymph nodes834161
P = 0.7P = 0.5P = 0.0005
Lymph nodes
Negative740104
Positive11273013
P = 0.04P = 0.04P = 0.1
T
Early cancer40052
Advanced cancer14673515
P = 0.3P = 0.1P = 0.5
Splenectomy1054249
Spleen-preserving813168
P = 1.0P = 0.7P = 0.8
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of variables associated with postoperative mortality

Univariate analysis


Multivariate analysis


Number of cases
%
P value
T ratio
P value
Sex (Male)342.90.4060.58880.557
Age > 65 yr71000.0082.9600.004
Type of surgery (subtotal gastrectomy)457.10.810
Kattan score ≥ 10071000.0480.95040.343
Lymph nodes > 35685.70.1521.7450.114
Primary site0.821
Gastroesophageal junction114.3
Upper third114.3
Middle third114.3
Lower third457.1
Depth0.1371.2310.220
Mucosa0
Submucosa114.3
Muscularis Propria0
Subserosa (suspected invasion)228.6
Subserosa (certain invasion)342.9
Serosa0
Adjacent structures114.3
Histological type (Lauren classification)0.436
Enteric type342.9
Diffuse type228.6
Mixed type228.6
T status0.0311.3420.181
T1a0
T1b0
T2342.9
T3228.6
T4a0
T4b228.6
Stage AJCC/TNM0.0390.63710.525
IA0
IB0
IIA114.3
IIB 228.6
IIIA114.3
IIIB342.9
IIIC0
Table 4 Major postoperative complications with a severity grade 2 or more according Clavien-Dindo classification
Type of complication
Number of cases
%
Pulmonary126.4
Urinary tract infection105.4
Leak of esophago-jejunal anastomosis42.1
Intra-abdominal abscess10.5
Abdominal bleeding21.0
Duodenal fistula52.7
Intestinal occlusion21.0
Pancreatic fistula42.1
Table 5 Clinicopathological factors associated with overall morbidity by univariate and multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis


Multivariate analysis


Number of cases
%
P value
T ratio
P value
Sex (Male)24600.7790.84430.4
Age > 65 yr22550.5750.42710.670
Type of surgery (subtotal gastrectomy)2972.50.0052.5260.012
Kattan score ≥ 10032800.0260.50970.611
Lymph nodes > 3524600.962
Primary site0.1800.37560.708
Gastroesophageal junction512.5
Upper third12.5
Middle third717.5
Lower third2767.5
Depth0.0170.22700.821
Mucosa12.5
Submucosa512.5
Muscularis propria512.5
Subserosa (suspected invasion)1127.5
Serosa37.5
Adjacent structures410.0
Histological type (Lauren classification)0.2650.41800.677
Enteric1742.5
Diffuse1332.5
Mixed1025.0
T status0.0060.61770.538
1a0
1b512.5
21537.5
31230.0
4a410.0
4b410.0
Stage AJCC/TNM0.0180.83900.403
IA512.5
IB25.0
IIA615.0
IIB1025.0
IIIA717.5
IIIB820.0
IIIC25.0
Table 6 Factors associated with surgical complications in univariate and multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis


Multivariate analysis


Number of cases
%
P value
T ratio
P value
Male sex952.90.6530.41930.675
Age > 65 yr1058.80.5021.1920.235
Type of surgery (subtotal gastrectomy)1058.80.595
Kattan score ≥ 1001482.30.1160.085430.932
Lymph nodes > 351694.10.0023.2220.001
Primary site0.609
Gastroesophageal junction423.5
Upper third15.9
Middle third211.8
Lower third1058.8
Depth0.0450.82080.413
Mucosa0
Submucosa211.8
Muscularis Propria211.8
Subserosa (suspected invasion)529.4
Subserosa (certain invasion)317.6
Serosa211.8
Adjacent structures317.6
Histological type (Lauren classification)0.817
Enteric type847.1
Diffuse type423.5
Mixed type529.4
T status0.0541.1020.272
T1a0
T1b211.8
T2741.2
T3423.5
T4a15.9
T4b317.6
Stage AJCC/TNM0.0190.82370.411
IA15.9
IB0
IIA317.6
IIB 529.4
IIIA317.6
IIIB423.5
IIIC15.9