Tumor-feeding artery diameter reduction is associated with improved short-term effect of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus lenvatinib treatment

Table 1 The baseline characteristics of patients

Characteristics	n (%)
Age
≤ 60	52 (77.6)
> 60	15 (22.4)
Gender
Male	59 (88.1)
Female	8 (11.9)
ECOG PS
0	52 (77.6)
1	15 (22.4)
HBsAg
Positive	53 (79.1)
Negative	14 (20.9)
Child-Pugh Class
Class A	45 (67.2)
Class B	22 (32.8)
Tumor size, cm
≤ 10	43 (64.2)
> 10	24 (35.8)
No. of intrahepatic tumors
≤ 3	32 (47.8)
> 3	35 (52.2)
Baseline AFP level, ng/mL
≤ 400	29 (43.3)
> 400	38 (56.7)
PVTT
Absent	23 (34.3)
Present	44 (65.7)
HVTT
Absent	50 (74.6)
Present	17 (25.4)
Metastasis
Absent	54 (80.6)
Present	13 (19.4)

ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; AFP: Alfa-fetoprotein; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; HVTT: Hepatic vein tumor thrombus.

Table 2 Receiver-operating characteristic analysis for antitumor response

Δartery	1 mo			3 mo			6 mo
	Responder	Non- responder	P value	Responder	Non- responder	P value	Responder	Non- responder	P value
CHA	- (0.17 ± 0.17)	- (0.14 ± 0.18)	0.25	- (0.15 ± 0.16)	- (0.18 ± 0.19)	1.00	- (0.18 ± 0.16)	- (0.15 ± 0.18)	0.51
PHA	- (0.21 ± 0.14)	- (0.13 ± 0.25)	0.15	- (0.20 ± 0.15)	- (0.16 ± 0.20)	0.35	- (0.16 ± 0.16)	- (0.22 ± 0.17)	0.30
LHA	- (0.27 ± 0.17)	- (0.21 ± 0.28)	0.59	(0.28 ± 0.18)	(0.20 ± 0.27)	0.43	- (0.22 ± 0.24)	- (0.30 ± 0.17)	0.18
RHA	- (0.22 ± 0.17)	- (0.16 ± 0.23)	0.26	- (0.20 ± 0.19)	- (0.22 ± 0.20)	0.58	- (0.16 ± 0.23)	- (0.24 ± 0.17)	0.44
TFA	- (0.33 ± 0.20)	- (0.16 ± 0.19)	< 0.001	- (0.32 ± 0.19)	- (0.18 ± 0.22)	0.004	- (0.36 ± 0.16)	- (0.25± 0.23)	0.023

Δ_artery: The rate of change in vessel diameters of hepatic arteries; CHA: Common hepatic artery; PHA: Proper hepatic artery; LHA: Left hepatic artery; RHA: Right hepatic artery; TFA: Tumor-feeding artery.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for efficacy of treatment with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus lenvatinib

	1 mo			3 mo			6 mo
	Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate		Univariate	Multivariate
	P1 value	P2 value	OR (95%CI)	P1 value	P2 value	OR (95%CI)	P1 value	P2 value	OR (95%CI)
TFA (reduced/basically unchanged)	< 0.001	0.001	0.12 (0.03-0.43)	< 0.001	0.001	0.06 (0.01-0.29)	0.002	0.002	0.14 (0.04-0.47)
Sex (male/female)	0.680	-	-	0.349	-	-	0.892	-	-
Age (≤ 60/> 60)	0.850	-	-	0.868	-	-	0.573	-	-
ECOG (0/1)	0.412	-	-	0.147	-	-	0.365	-	-
HBsAg (positive/negative)	0.122	-	-	0.113	-	-	0.784	-	-
AFP, ng/mL (≤ 400/> 400)	0.003	0.018	0.17 (0.04-0.73)	0.089	0.546	-	0.040	0.122	-
Child-Pugh (A/B)	0.384	-	-	0.897	-	-	0.869	-	-
Tumor size, cm (≤ 10/> 10)	0.166	-	-	0.053	0.021	7.65 (1.36-42.88)	0.625	-	-
Tumor number (≤ 3/> 3)	0.609	-	-	0.533	-	-	0.280	-	-
PVTT (absent/present)	0.220	-	-	0.169	-	-	0.577	-	-
HVTT (absent/present)	0.842	-	-	0.455	-	-	1.000	-	-
Metastasis (absent/present)	0.960	-	-	0.694	-	-	0.615	-	-

Any factors that were statistically significant at P < 0.10 in the univariate logistic regression analysis were candidates for entry into the multivariate logistic regression analysis. TFA: The tumor-feeding artery; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; AFP: Alfa-fetoprotein; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; HVTT: Hepatic vein tumor thrombus; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.