Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition target dysbiosis to treat fatty liver in obese mice

Table 1 Initiators of the phylum or class of microorganisms of gut microbiota

Phylum or class	Forward initiator	Reverse initiator
Eubacteria (All Bacteria)	[5’-ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGAGT-3’]	[5’-ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGC-3’]
Bacteroidetes	[5’-CRAACAGGATTAGATACCCT-3’]	[5’-GGTAAGGTTCCTCGCGTAT-3’]
Firmicutes	[5’-TGAAACTYAAAGGAATTGACG-3’]	[5’-ACCATGCACCACCTGTC-3’]
Actinobacteria	[5’-TACGGCCGCAAGGCTA-3’]	[5’-TCRTCCCCACCTTCCTCCG-3’]
Class-γ-Proteobacteria	[5’-TCGTCAGCTCGTGTYGTGA -3’]	[5’-CGTAAGGGCCATGATG-3’]

Table 2 Forward and reverse sequences of real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction primers–liver

Gene	5’-3’ Left	3’-5’ Right
Lbp	GGTGGCTGCTGAATCTCTTC	TCTGCTGTGACTGGCAGAGT
Tlr4	GCCGGAAGGTTATTGTGGTA	GAAACTGCCATGTTTGAGCA
Nlrp3	ATGCTGCTTCGACATCTCCT	GTTTCTGGAGGTTGCAGAGC
Cd206	CAAGGAAGGTTGGCATTTGT	CCTTTCAGTCCTTTGCAAGC
IL-10	GCCTTATCGGAAATGATCCA	TCCTGAGGGTCTTCAGCTTC
IL-13	CTGGATTCCCTGACCAACAT	GGTTACAGAGGCCATGCAAT
Beta-actin	TGTTACCAACTGGGACGACA	GGGGTGTTGAAGGTCTCAAA

Table 3 Forward and reverse sequences of real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction primers–intestine

Gene	5’-3’ Left	3’-5’ Right
Mucin2	GTAGTTTCCGTTGGAACAGTGAA	ATGCCCACCTCCTCAAAGAC
Occludin	CCTTCTGCTTCATCGCTTCC	AGCGCTGACTATGATCACGA
Zo-1	TCAGAGCCCTCCGATCATTC	GCTTTGGGTGGATGATCGTC
Tlr4	GCCGGAAGGTTATTGTGGTA	GAAACTGCCATGTTTGAGCA
Gapdh	CATCACTGCCACCCAGAAGACTG	ATGCCAGTGAGCTTCCCGTTCAG