Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2021; 27(36): 6110-6127
Published online Sep 28, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i36.6110
Published online Sep 28, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i36.6110
Table 1 Characteristics of included patients
Clinical characteristic | Value |
Age (mean ± SD) | 56.8 ± 8.65 |
Sex, n (%) | |
Male | 12 (20) |
Female | 3 (80) |
Histologic diagnosis, n (%) | |
EAC | 2 (13.3) |
ESCC | 13 (86.7) |
Cancer stage, n (%) | |
I-II | 4 (26.7) |
III-IV | 11 (73.3) |
TNM staging | |
Primary tumor (T) | |
T1 | 3 (20) |
T2 | 2 (13.3) |
T3 | 8 (53.4) |
T4 | 2 (13.3) |
Regional lymph nodes (N) | |
N0 | 4 (26.7) |
N1 | 6 (40) |
N2 | 3 (20) |
N3 | 2 (13.3) |
Distant metastases (M) | |
M0 | 12 (80) |
M1 | 3 (20) |
Alcohol history, n (%) | |
Yes | 8 (53) |
No | 7 (47) |
Smoking history, n (%) | |
Lifelong non-smoker | 1 (6.6) |
Current smoker | 7 (46.6) |
Current reformed smoker | 2 (13.3) |
Current reformed smoker for > 15 yr | 1 (6.6) |
NA | 4 (26.6) |
Age at starting smoking | |
Under 18 yr old | 6 (40) |
Over 18 yr old | 3 (20) |
NA | 6 (40) |
Pack-year smoked | |
Under 10 | 6 (40) |
Over 10 | 3 (20) |
NA | 6 (40) |
BMI (mean ± SD) | 20.8 ± 3.55 |
Table 2 Selected radiomic features after the three feature selection steps for binary outcomes
Selected radiomic features, stage | Stage I-II, mean ± SD | Stage III-IV, mean ± SD | P value |
Wavelet-HLH first order entropy | 0.62 ± 0.13 | 0.21 ± 0.31 | 0.031 |
Wavelet-LHL GLDM high gray level emphasis | 0.59 ± 0.32 | 0.21 ± 0.21 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM high gray level run emphasis | 0.67 ± 0.37 | 0.2 ± 0.18 | 0.019 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM gray level variance | 0.74 ± 0.29 | 0.22 ± 0.29 | 0.007 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM cluster prominence | 0.59 ± 0.36 | 0.14 ± 0.3 | 0.019 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM inverse variance | 0.27 ± 0.3 | 0.68 ± 0.23 | 0.028 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM maximum probability | 0.14 ± 0.17 | 0.58 ± 0.32 | 0.042 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM dependence entropy | 0.78 ± 0.18 | 0.42 ± 0.25 | 0.028 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM dependence variance | 0.2 ± 0.21 | 0.48 ± 0.26 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-HLL GLSZM size zone non uniformity | 0.69 ± 0.39 | 0.15 ± 0.15 | 0.028 |
Wavelet-HLL GLSZM small area low gray level emphasis | 0.02 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.33 | 0.041 |
Wavelet-HLL first order 90 percentile | 0.55 ± 0.39 | 0.17 ± 0.16 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-HHH GLRLM gray level non uniformity normalized | 0.39 ± 0.27 | 0.87 ± 0.19 | 0.007 |
Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy | 0.68 ± 0.22 | 0.2 ± 0.27 | 0.021 |
Wavelet-HHH GLCM Contrast | 0.78 ± 0.19 | 0.45 ± 0.25 | 0.021 |
Wavelet-HHH GLSZM gray level variance | 0.91 ± 0.11 | 0.3 ± 0.39 | 0.021 |
Wavelet-HHH GLSZM zone percentage | 0.83 ± 0.13 | 0.35 ± 0.34 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-HHH first order 10 percentile | 0.11 ± 0.08 | 0.46 ± 0.35 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-HHL NGTDM strength | 0.66 ± 0.3 | 0.28 ± 0.3 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-HHL GLCM cluster shade | 0.51 ± 0.49 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.007 |
Wavelet-HHL first order Entropy | 0.68 ± 0.33 | 0.27 ± 0.21 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-HHL first order mean absolute deviation | 0.66 ± 0.35 | 0.25 ± 0.18 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-LLH NGTDM complexity | 0.23 ± 0.13 | 0.13 ± 0.29 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-LLH GLDM high gray level emphasis | 0.34 ± 0.23 | 0.14 ± 0.29 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-LLL GLDM small dependence high gray level emphasis | 0.67 ± 0.32 | 0.25 ± 0.22 | 0.029 |
Selected radiomic features (alcohol history) | No alcohol history (mean ± SD) | Alcohol history (mean ± SD) | P value |
Original first order kurtosis | 0.37 ± 0.32 | 0.12 ± 0.12 | 0.037 |
Wavelet-LHH first order interquartile range | 0.24 ± 0.24 | 0.5 ± 0.25 | 0.049 |
Wavelet-LHH first order mean | 0.94 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.31 | 0.013 |
Wavelet-HHL first order median | 0.62 ± 0.2 | 0.37 ± 0.19 | 0.026 |
Wavelet-LLH first order uniformity | 0.68 ± 0.27 | 0.41 ± 0.26 | 0.037 |
Table 3 Selected radiomic features after the three feature selection steps for body mass index
Selected radiomic features | mean ± SD | ρ | P value |
Wavelet-HLH GLCM IMC2 | 0.46 ± 0.31 | 0.6 | 0.017 |
Wavelet-HLH GLCM MCC | 0.33 ± 0.27 | 0.67 | 0.006 |
Wavelet-HLH first order median | 0.59 ± 0.28 | -0.56 | 0.029 |
Wavelet-HLH first order entropy | 0.32 ± 0.33 | 0.63 | 0.013 |
Wavelet-HLH first order root mean squared | 0.44 ± 0.31 | 0.71 | 0.003 |
Wavelet-HLH first order skewness | 0.5 ± 0.33 | 0.52 | 0.049 |
Wavelet-HLH first order mean absolute deviation | 0.54 ± 0.29 | 0.62 | 0.013 |
Wavelet-LHL GLCM IDN | 0.77 ± 0.29 | 0.58 | 0.023 |
Wavelet-LHL GLDM high gray level emphasis | 0.31 ± 0.29 | 0.54 | 0.039 |
Wavelet-HLL GLRLM high gray level run emphasis | 0.32 ± 0.32 | 0.54 | 0.038 |
Wavelet-HLL GLRLM gray level variance | 0.36 ± 0.37 | 0.62 | 0.014 |
Wavelet-HLL GLCM cluster prominence | 0.26 ± 0.36 | 0.6 | 0.018 |
Wavelet-HLL GLCM inverse variance | 0.57 ± 0.3 | -0.58 | 0.022 |
Wavelet-HLL GLCM maximum probability | 0.47 ± 0.35 | -0.53 | 0.043 |
Wavelet-HLL GLDM dependence variance | 0.41 ± 0.27 | -0.6 | 0.018 |
Wavelet-HLL GLSZM size zone non uniformity | 0.29 ± 0.33 | 0.57 | 0.028 |
Wavelet-HHH GLRLM gray level non uniformity normalized | 0.74 ± 0.3 | -0.54 | 0.039 |
Wavelet-HHH GLCM difference average | 0.64 ± 0.31 | 0.56 | 0.03 |
Wavelet-HHH GLCM contrast | 0.53 ± 0.28 | 0.64 | 0.009 |
Wavelet-HHH GLSZM small area emphasis | 0.55 ± 0.33 | 0.69 | 0.005 |
Wavelet-HHH GLSZM small area low gray level emphasis | 0.55 ± 0.33 | 0.59 | 0.022 |
Wavelet-HHL first order entropy | 0.38 ± 0.3 | 0.57 | 0.025 |
Wavelet-HHL first order mean | 0.64 ± 0.28 | 0.59 | 0.02 |
Wavelet-HHL first order mean absolute deviation | 0.36 ± 0.29 | 0.55 | 0.032 |
Wavelet-LLH NGTDM complexity | 0.16 ± 0.26 | 0.53 | 0.044 |
Wavelet-LLL GLDM small dependence high gray level emphasis | 0.36 ± 0.3 | 0.56 | 0.031 |
Log-sigma-1-0-mm-3D first order root mean squared | 0.43 ± 0.26 | -0.51 | 0.049 |
Log-sigma-5-0-mm-3D GLRLM short run low gray level emphasis | 0.22 ± 0.25 | -0.52 | 0.047 |
Log-sigma-5-0-mm-3D first order 10 percentile | 0.48 ± 0.39 | -0.59 | 0.02 |
Table 4 Results of multivariate analysis for the stage I-II/stage III-IV classification task
Model order | Features involved | AUC ± SE | Sens ± SE | Spec ± SE | ACC ± SE |
1 | Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy | 0.896 ± 0.005 | 0.513 ± 0.021 | 0.865 ± 0.007 | 0.77 ± 0.006 |
2 | Wavelet-LLH NGTDM complexity; Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy | 0.869 ± 0.008 | 0.643 ± 0.021 | 0.834 ± 0.008 | 0.79 ± 0.006 |
3 | Wavelet-LLH NGTDM complexity; Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy; Wavelet-HLH first order entropy | 0.826 ± 0.009 | 0.523 ± 0.023 | 0.815 ± 0.009 | 0.744 ± 0.006 |
4 | Wavelet-HLL GLCM cluster prominence; Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy; Wavelet-LLH NGTDM complexity; Wavelet-HLH first order entropy | 0.799 ± 0.009 | 0.668 ± 0.022 | 0.766 ± 0.009 | 0.752 ± 0.007 |
5 | Wavelet-LLH GLDM high gray level emphasis; Wavelet-HHH GLCM joint entropy; Wavelet HLL GLCM cluster prominence; Wavelet HLH entropy; Wavelet LLH NGTDM complexity | 0.724 ± 0.011 | 0.516 ± 0.025 | 0.762 ± 0.01 | 0.708 ± 0.008 |
- Citation: Brancato V, Garbino N, Mannelli L, Aiello M, Salvatore M, Franzese M, Cavaliere C. Impact of radiogenomics in esophageal cancer on clinical outcomes: A pilot study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(36): 6110-6127
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v27/i36/6110.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i36.6110