Clinical utility of treatment method conversion during single-session endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of 39 patients who underwent treatment method conversion from the initially planned endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage

Patient characteristics	n = 39
Age, median (range), yr	74 (40-89)
Sex, male/female, n (%)	26 (66.7)/13 (33.3)
ECOG performance status, median (range)	1 (0-3)
Total bilirubin, median (range), mg/dL	6.4 (1.2-18.4)
Etiology of biliary stricture, n (%)
Malignant lesions	33 (84.6)
Pancreatobiliary cancer	22 (56.4)
Other	11 (28.2)
Benign lesions	6 (15.4)
Bile duct stones	4 (10.2)
Other	2 (5.1)
Reasons for EUS-BD, n (%)
Failure of duodenal scope insertion	19 (48.7)
Failure to access the papilla after duodenal stent insertion	5 (12.8)
Failure of biliary cannulation/selection	11 (28.2)
Surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy	4 (10.2)

ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; EUS-BD: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage.

Table 2 Clinical outcomes of patients who underwent treatment method conversion from initially planned endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage

Patient characteristics	n = 39
1Technical success, n (%)	383 (97.4)
Median procedural time (range, min)	65 (26-115)
2Clinical success, n (%)	34 (89.5)
Adverse events (%)	4 (10.3)
Bile leakage	2 (5.1)
Bleeding	1 (2.6)
Cholecystitis	1 (2.6)

¹Technical success was defined as successful stent deployment at the target site.

²Clinical success was defined as the improvement of cholangitis or a decrease in serum bilirubin levels to normal or by ≥ 50% within 2 wk following endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage.

³In one patient, endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) was unsuccessful due to failed guidewire manipulation, and alternative EUS-HGS via another biliary branch was also unsuccessful due to the difficulty in puncture. In this case, percutaneous drainage was successfully performed instead.