Surveilling Russell body Helicobacter pylori-negative gastritis: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 A summary of 22 reported Helicobacter pylori-negative Russell body gastritis is described

Cases	Ref.	Age/sex	History	Endoscopic findings	Symptoms	Histology	Immunology (Mott cells)	Follow up
1	Erbersdobler et al[16]	80/Female	Alcohol and analgesic abuse, Candida esophagitis	Circumscribed, irregular mucosal swelling at the back side of the fundus (lesion up to 3 cm)	Epigastric pain and nausea	Confirmed candida and showed plasma cells with RBs	Poly	NR
2 NR	Drut et al[10]	34/Male	HIV+, Drug addict, Alcohol abuse	2-cm-raised area located at the major curvature of the body of the stomach, presenting a central 1 cm rounded macule	Epigastric pain, acute diarrhoea, blood-stained stools	Moderate-to-severe gastritis with RBs	Poly	NR
3	Habib et al[22]	75/Male	Alcohol use, Renal failure Dyslipidaemia, Rhabdomyolysis	Oesophagitis and nodular chronic active gastritis in the antrum	Reflux complaints, intermittent coffee-ground emesis	Regenerative changes and a dense chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of numerous RBs	Poly	NR
4	Del Gobbo et al[7]	78/Female	NR	Hyperaemia in the antral and GEJ mucosa	Epigastric pain	Moderate chronic inflammation in the mucosa of the cardia showed RBs	Poly	NR
5	Coyne et al[13]	49/Male	Drug addict,HCV and Diabetes mellites	Severe erosive gastritis with oedematous mucosal folds	Nausea, epigastric pain, weight loss	RBG	Mono (κ chain, IgM)	NR
6	Bhalla et al[12]	82/Male	HIV+	Gastritis	Dyspepsia, loose stools, loss of appetite and weight	RBs present in gastric mucosa	Poly	NR
7	Klair et al[24]	76/Female	Anemia,Multiple myeloma	Multiple small polyps in the fundus were seen on retroflexion, along with cobblestoned erythematous and irregular mucosa	Bone pains and adynamia	Oxyntic mucosa with chronic, inactive gastritis, with plasma cells	Poly	NR
8	Zhang et al[17]	78/Male	NR	Gastritis with uneven mucosa in the antrum, corpus and incisura angularis	Heartburn	RBG with moderate chronic inflammation	Mono (κ chain)	Clinical follow-up evaluations were uneventful
9	Zhang et al[17]	28/Male	NR	Erythema in antrum	Epigastric pain	RBG with mild chronic inflammation	Mono (κ chain)	NR
10	Zhang et al[17]	24/Female	NR	Erythema in antrum	Abdominal discomfort	RBG with mild chronic inflammation	Mono (κ chain)	NR
11	Zhang et al[17]	66/Male	NR	Ulceration stage A2 in Forrest classification in incisura angularis	Haematochezia	RBG with moderate glandular atrophy and mild chronic inflammation	NR	NR
12	Muthukumarana et al[23]	44/M	Status post pancreatic and Kidney transplant Diabetes mellites	Diffuse mild erythematous gastric mucosa, non-cratered duodenal ulcer	Watery diarrhoea with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting	Stomach, duodenum, terminal ileum, colon mucosa with RBs	Poly	NR
13	Saraggi et al[25]	66/Male	NR	Los Angeles class A esophagitis. Multiple biopsy has been taken from GEJ and cardia	Heartburn	Mild lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in the mucosa of the cardia with RBs	Poly	NR
14	Antunes et al[26]	79/Female	NR	8 mm mucosal break in the lower oesophagus classified as grade B in the Los Angeles classification for oesophagitis, and a whitish and nodular area of mucosa in the incisura angularis	Hematemesis	RBG	NR	NR
15	Imai et al[27]	64/Male	Chronic renal failure on dialysis	Flare, swollen mucous membrane and multiple verrucous erosion in gastric antrum	Poor appetite and blood eosinophilia	Infiltration of plasma cell containing RBs and eosinophils	IgA and kappa-light chain	NR
16	Trna et al[28]	77/Male	NR	Several areas of different and mildly prominent mucosa in the GEJ and cardia	Non-cardiac chest pain and mild dysphagia	Nondysplastic intestinal metaplasia with mild chronic inflammatory infiltrate with RBs and plasma cells	NR	Follow-up endoscopy with biopsies– without any difference
17	Altindag et al[6]	81/Female	Multiple myeloma (diagnosed from bone marrow 3years after endoscopy)	Gastritis in the antrum	Dyspepsia	Mild inflammation of gastric mucosa with RB	Poly	Histology report revealed increased distribution in RBs in follow-up endoscopy
18	Altindag et al[6]	79/Female	NR	Gastritis in the antrum and gastric tubular adenoma with LGD	GI bleed	Mild glandular atrophy, moderate intestinal metaplasia, severe inflammation of gastric mucosa with RB	Poly	NR
19	Altindag et al[6]	72/Male	NR	Gastritis in the antrum	Dyspepsia	Mild inflammation of gastric mucosa with RB and mild glandular atrophy	Poly	NR
20	Altindag et al[6]	64/Male	Colonic tubular adenoma, HGD	Gastritis in the antrum	Epigastric pain, suspicion of gastric tumor	Moderate glandular atrophy, moderate intestinal metaplasia and moderate inflammation of gastric mucosa with RB	Poly	NR
21	Qiao et al[11]	28/Male	HIV+, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly	Erosions, erythematous mucosa, and vascular congestion in the gastric body and antrum	Abdominal pain, fatigue, rectal bleeding	Chronic inactive gastritis with RB infiltration in the mucosa	Poly	NR
22	Present study	52/Male	Anemia	Diffuse hyperemia and edema of the gastric mucosa in the fundus and body	Iron-deficiency anemia	Abundant plasma cell inflammatory infiltrate, rich in RB and Mott cell	Poly	Without endoscopic improvement, histology report showed-decreased RB in second follow-up and almost absent RB in third follow-up

GI: Gastrointestinal; NR: Not reported; RB: Russell body; IgA: Immunoglobulin A; GEJ: Gastro-oesophageal junction; RBG: Russell body gastritis.