Clinical and Translational Research
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 14, 2020; 26(26): 3767-3779
Published online Jul 14, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i26.3767
Table 1 Duodenoscope characteristics, inspection findings, ATP test, and microbiological surveillance
NumberDuodenoscope (model)Age (mo)Usages(n)Inspection abnormal findings (Severity degree/location)
ATP test (RLU)Microbiological surveillance
ScratchesPeelBucklingStainsDebris
Fluid
Dark colorLight colorOtherClearOpaqueCulture(n)Positive(n)Microorganism
1JF-260V8712843/B2/B2/B2/B1/B3/B-3/I-135342P. aeruginosa
2JF-260V218--1/B2/I-----18521P. aeruginosa
3JF-260V791267---2/B2/I----117270-
4JF-260V648253/B1/B2/B2/B1/I--3/I3/I45240-
5JF-260V115----2/I1/ I&B1/B3/I-1921P. aeruginosa
6TJF-260V1266493/I&B-2/I&B2/I&B2/I-1/B3/I&B3/I&B48292P. aeruginosa
7TJF-260V334--2/B------1220-
8TJF-260V12135--2/B2/I2/I--3/I1/I10820-
9TJF-260V1848--2/I&B2/I-----6320-
10TJF-260V931641/B2/B2/B2/I&B2/I&B----3910-
11TJF-260V514253/B-2/B2/I------2110-
12TJF-260V382511/B-2/B2/B3/I&B----11420-
13TJF-260V376123/B2/B2/B2/B3/I&B1/I&B1/I&B--15320-
14TJF-260V122171/B-2/I&B1/B1/I----4020-
15TJF-260V16251---1B1/I----4800-
16TJF-260V163412/B-1/B1/B1/I----12710-
17TJF-260V250--1/B-2/ I&B----2900-
18TJF-260V4801/B-1/B-2/I&B----19110-
19TJF-260V467-------3/I&B-9700-
Summary35 ± 38356 ± 400104151414336384 ± 571346-
Table 2 Multivariate regression analysis of abnormal visual inspection findings of the bending section and insertion tube
VariableAdjusted odds ratio95%CIP value
Scratches2.602.09-3.12< 0.001
Buckling2.001.68-2.39< 0.001
Stains1.721.16-2.560.008
Debris1.881.50-2.36< 0.001
Fluids0.300.21-0.42< 0.001
Table 3 Correlation between abnormal visual inspection findings and microbiological surveillance
VariableMicrobiological surveillance
Spearman's correlation coefficientP value
Scratches0.0880.694
Buckling-0.0800.746
Stains0.1330.587
Debris0.4230.029
Fluids0.4760.037
Debris + fluids0.7020.018
Table 4 Multivariate analysis of abnormal visual inspection findings and microbiological surveillance
VariableMicrobiological surveillance
Partial correlation coefficientP value
Debris0.3160.187
Fluids0.4620.046
Table 5 Summary of studies on abnormal visual inspection findings in clinically used endoscopes
StudyEndoscopes (duodenoscopes), n (n)Scratches (%)Buckling (%)Stains (%)Debris (%)Fluids (%)
Thaker et al[11], 201859 (14)86NR59228
Ofstead et al[19], 20181945 (5)NRNRNRNR47
Barakat et al[20], 201868 (7)993NR9643
This study19 (19)52.678.973.773.731.6