Tailored eradication vs empirical bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A comparative, open trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

	Tailored therapy using DPO-PCR (n = 50)	Empirical bismuth-based quadruple therapy (n = 104)	P value
Age, mean ± SD (yr)	58.3 ± 13.9	57.4 ± 11.6	0.3
Men, n (%)	30 (60.0)	56 (53.8)	0.5
Smoking, n (%)	13 (26.0)	17 (16.3)	0.2
Drinking, n (%)	16 (32.0)	34 (32.7)	0.8
Comorbidity
Hypertension, n (%)	11 (22.0)	31 (29.8)	0.4
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	11 (22.0)	17 (16.3)	0.5
Cardiovascular disease, n (%)	2 (4.0)	6 (5.8)	0.6
Reasons for eradication, n (%)
Peptic ulcer disease	37 (64.0)	28 (26.9)	0.002
Post ESD due to EGC	8 (16.0)	3 (2.9)	0.003
Post ESD due to adenoma	5 (10.0)	2 (1.9)	0.024
MALToma	2 (4.0)	0 (0.0)	0.04
Chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia	2 (4.0)	71 (68.3)	< 0.001
Nodular gastritis	3 (6.0)	0 (0.0)
Clarithromycin resistance diagnosed by DPO-PCR, n (%)		Non available
No	37 (74.0)
A2142G positive	1 (2.0)
A2143G positive	12 (24.0)

DPO-PCR: Dual priming oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EGC: Early gastric cancer; MALToma: Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Table 2  Helicobacter pylori eradication success rates and complication rates, n (%)

Eradication rate	Tailored therapy using DPO-PCR (n = 50)	Empirical bismuth-based quadruple therapy (n = 104)	P value
Intention-to-treat analysis	48 (96.0)	98 (94.2)	0.6
Per-protocol analysis	48/50 (96.0)	95/100 (95.0)	0.8

DPO-PCR: Dual priming oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction.

Table 3 Eradication-related adverse events, n (%)

	Tailored therapy using DPO-PCR (n = 50)	Empirical bismuth-based quadruple therapy (n = 104)	P value
Eradication-related side effects			< 0.001
No	44 (88.0)	59 (56.7)
Yes	6 (12.0)	45 (43.7)
Abdominal discomfort	0 (0.0)	1 (1.0)
Nausea/vomiting	3 (6.0)	12 (11.5)
Diarrhea/loose stool	0 (0.0)	12 (11.5)
Dyspepsia	2 (4.0)	10 (9.6)
General weakness	1 (2.0)	6 (5.8)
Taste disturbance	0 (0.0)	4 (3.8)
Treatment compliances
	50 (100.0)	100 (96.2)	0.2

DPO-PCR: Dual priming oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction.