Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2019; 25(37): 5676-5686
Published online Oct 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i37.5676
Published online Oct 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i37.5676
Table 1 Comparison of patient characteristics, metabolic profile and laboratory findings among inflammatory bowel disease patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Variables, mean (SD) | NAFLD | No-NAFLD | P value |
Age (yr) | 53.9 (12.9) | 46.9 (13.5) | 0.0007 |
Disease duration (yr) | 10.7 (7.6) | 11.5 (8.7) | 0.51 |
Time of remission (mo) | 33.9 (38.2) | 21.1 (30.6) | < 0.05 |
Antropmetric measurements | |||
Weight (kg) | 73.5 (14.5) | 64.2 (12.0) | < 0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 26.5 (4.7) | 23.9 (3.7) | < 0.0001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 93.1 (11.5) | 85.5 (10.0) | < 0.0001 |
Visceral fat (%) | 10.5 (5.2) | 6.8 (3.3) | < 0.0001 |
Body fat (%) | 29.9 (12.6) | 27.9 (10.7) | 0.23 |
Lean body mass (%) | 31.4 (6.1) | 31.1 (7.4) | 0.75 |
Diet daily intake | |||
Kcal | 1970.27 (810.42) | 1752.35 (689.48) | 0.07 |
Protein (g/day) | 90.31 (33.59) | 82.69 (33.75) | 0.16 |
Lipid (g/day) | 75.18 (34.01) | 61.88 (24.77) | 0.005 |
Carbohydrates (g/day) | 241.31 (110.81) | 225.18 (101.13) | 0.35 |
Laboratory findings | |||
AST (UI/L) | 21.1 (6.1) | 21.3 (7.5) | 0.84 |
AST (UI/L) | 21.1 (6.1) | 21.3 (7.5) | 0.84 |
ALT (UI/L) | 22.6 (10.3) | 20.0 (10.5) | 0.09 |
GGT (UI/L) | 24.6 (11.5) | 22.1 (28.0) | 0.43 |
Glycemia (mg/dL) | 98.1 (28.0) | 89.8 (12.2) | 0.03 |
Serum insulin (μUI/mL) | 11.5 (14.1) | 7.0 (4.1) | 0.007 |
HOMA index | 2.49 (2.42) | 1.59 (1.10) | 0.005 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 192.7 (41.4) | 191.9 (39.7) | 0.90 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 105.1 (49.4) | 93.6 (49.7) | 0.15 |
LDL (mg/dL) | 119.8 (36.5) | 113.3 (34.1) | 0.28 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 56.9 (17.7) | 60.9 (17.6) | 0.16 |
Liver stiffness (kPa) | 5.5 (2.7) | 4.6 (3.5) | 0.09 |
Table 2 Correlation between disease-related factors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on univariate analysis
Variables, n (%) | NAFLD | Univariate analysis | ||
Yes | No | Odds ratio (95%CI) | P value | |
Sex (Male) | 51 (52) | 46 (48) | 3.17 (1.67-5.99) | 0.0005 |
Smoke | 12 (35) | 23 (65) | 0.69 (0.32-1.51) | 0.36 |
Disease related factors | ||||
Disease activity | ||||
MAYO | 11 (30) | 24 (70) | 0.62 (0.26-1.50) | 0.20 |
CDAI | 6 (54) | 5 (46) | 1.70 (0.47-6.09) | 0.31 |
Extraintestinal manifestations | 20 (40) | 31 (60) | 0.97(0.50-1.90) | 0.94 |
Extended disease | 47 (41) | 66 (59) | 1.14 (0.61-2.13) | 0.68 |
Disease duration | ||||
> 10 yr | 35 (42) | 48 (58) | 1.00 Rif. | |
< 10 yr | 36 (38) | 58 (62) | 1.17 (0.64-2.14) | 0.35 |
Steroids | 12 (27) | 31 (73) | 0.49 (0.23-1.03) | 0.06 |
Immunomodulators | 11 (43) | 15 (53) | 1.11 (0.48-2.58) | 0.80 |
Biologic therapy | 28 (37) | 49 (63) | 0.78 (0.42-1.43) | 0.41 |
Surgery | 11 (31) | 24 (69) | 0.63 (0.28-1.38) | 0.24 |
Fecal calprotectin (mg/kg) | ||||
> 200 | 29 (40) | 44 (60) | 1.00 Rif. | |
< 200 | 19 (20) | 44 (45) | 1.53 (0.75-3.12) | 0.24 |
CRP (mg/L, high levels) | 30 (36) | 53 (64) | 0.72 (0.39-1.33) | 0.18 |
Table 3 Correlation between metabolic factors or alimentary habits and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on univariate analysis
Metabolic profile, n (%) | NAFLD | Univariate Analysis | P-value | |
Yes | No | Odds ratio (95%CI) | ||
BMI (kg/m²) | ||||
Normal | 24 (27) | 65 (73) | 1.00 Rif. | Normal |
Overweight | 29 (49) | 30 (51) | 2.62 (1.31-5.23) | 0.005 |
Obese | 17 (77) | 5 (23) | 9.21 (3.06-27.70) | 0.0002 |
Waist circumference (cm) | ||||
Normal | 26 (33) | 54 (67) | 1.00 Rif. | |
Overweight | 14 (39) | 22 (61) | 1.30 (0.57-2.94) | 0.34 |
Obese | 22 (56) | 17 (44) | 2.69 (1.22-5.90) | 0.001 |
Visceral fat (> 8) | 43 (55) | 35 (45) | 3.82 (1.91-7.64) | 0.001 |
Diabetes | 7 (58) | 5 (42) | 2.40 (0.72-7.87) | 0.14 |
MetS | 22 (66) | 11 (34) | 4.13 (1.85-9.24) | 0.001 |
Table 4 Risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among patients on multivariate analysis
Variables | Multivariate analysis | P-value |
Odds ratio (95%CI) | ||
Advanced age | 1.04 (1.01-1.07) | 0.006 |
Sex (male) | 4.25 (1.95-9.26) | < 0.00001 |
Obese (BMI) | 1.17 (1.06-1.28) | 0.001 |
High lipidic diet | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 0.004 |
- Citation: Magrì S, Paduano D, Chicco F, Cingolani A, Farris C, Delogu G, Tumbarello F, Lai M, Melis A, Casula L, Fantini MC, Usai P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Beyond the natural history. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(37): 5676-5686
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i37/5676.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i37.5676