Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2019; 25(32): 4749-4763
Published online Aug 28, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i32.4749
Table 1 Comparisons of Human Development Index and age-standardized incidence rates, mortality rates, and mortality-to-incidence values for liver cancer between 2008 and 2018
2008
2018
Transitions in a decade
CountryHDIASIASMMIRHDIASIASMMIRΔHDIΔASIΔASMΔMIR
Argentina0.7863.43.20.9580.8253.63.20.8890.0390.24-0.02-0.069
Australia0.9243.52.70.7640.9395.74.80.8420.0152.232.150.078
Austria0.8765.14.40.8560.9085.44.30.7960.0320.32-0.05-0.060
Bahrain0.8064.74.70.9940.8463.43.30.9710.040-1.29-1.36-0.023
Bangladesh0.4843.83.80.9920.6082.220.9090.124-1.6-1.77-0.083
Botswana0.6242.82.70.9640.7173.93.80.9740.0931.121.120.010
Brazil0.7054.94.80.9730.7594.74.40.9360.054-0.19-0.36-0.037
Canada0.9033.32.90.8700.9265.34.50.8490.0231.981.61-0.021
Chile0.7964.54.40.9620.8435.44.90.9070.0470.880.55-0.055
China0.66525.723.70.9220.75218.317.10.9340.087-7.37-6.580.012
Costa Rica0.7375.45.20.9720.7946.35.60.8890.0570.920.37-0.083
Cuba0.7674.24.10.9690.7773.83.30.8680.010-0.38-0.75-0.100
Czech Republic0.8644.33.90.9150.8884.23.20.7620.024-0.06-0.7-0.154
Denmark0.8913.12.80.9070.9294.94.20.8570.0381.771.36-0.050
Dominican Republic0.6778.78.20.9480.7366.55.80.8920.059-2.18-2.43-0.056
Egypt0.6339.39.10.9810.69632.231.80.9880.06322.9522.730.007
El Salvador0.6685.25.20.9920.6746.76.50.9700.0061.471.31-0.022
Fiji0.6846.96.70.9650.7418.38.20.9880.0571.41.540.023
France (metropolitan)0.8796.05.80.9620.9017.86.30.8080.0221.810.54-0.154
Georgia0.7225.85.50.9580.7805.45.20.9630.058-0.37-0.330.005
Germany0.9024.03.40.8310.9364.23.80.9050.0340.170.450.073
Greece0.8628.45.70.6840.8705.74.50.7890.008-2.65-1.210.106
Guatemala0.56815.715.60.9910.65014.914.50.9730.082-0.84-1.1-0.018
Guinea0.3425.325.10.9920.45921.819.50.8940.119-3.49-5.58-0.097
Haiti0.4457.17.00.9760.4988.17.80.9630.0530.980.85-0.013
Honduras0.61914.314.20.9940.6175.75.40.947-0.002-8.6-8.81-0.046
India0.5272.22.00.9270.6402.220.9090.1130.01-0.03-0.018
Indonesia0.5986.76.60.9760.6947.67.50.9870.0960.890.950.011
Italy0.8718.66.60.7720.8807.95.70.7220.009-0.69-0.93-0.050
Japan0.89611.29.20.8150.9097.65.40.7110.013-3.64-3.76-0.104
Kazakhstan0.7297.37.30.9990.8005.650.8930.071-1.73-2.32-0.106
Korea, Republic of0.88623.517.00.7260.90317.311.80.6820.017-6.17-5.23-0.044
Kyrgyzstan0.6118.28.20.9930.6729.58.70.9160.0611.270.53-0.077
Libya0.7593.43.30.9760.7064.13.30.805-0.0530.750.0-0.171
Lithuania0.8062.52.40.9550.8583.83.30.8680.0521.30.94-0.087
Luxembourg0.8676.65.80.8750.9046.54.40.6770.037-0.1-1.4-0.198
Mexico0.7616.36.20.9980.7745.45.10.9440.013-0.85-1.14-0.054
Mongolia0.64194.479.90.8470.74193.775.40.8050.100-0.7-4.51-0.042
Nepal0.4431.41.40.9640.5741.110.9090.131-0.3-0.35-0.055
New Zealand0.9043.52.60.7330.9175.83.90.6720.0132.321.35-0.060
Nicaragua0.5838.98.90.9940.65810.59.90.9430.0751.581.03-0.052
Norway0.9411.81.30.7140.9533.42.90.8530.0121.581.60.139
Pakistan0.4952.52.50.9880.5623.130.9680.0670.60.53-0.020
Panama0.7584.04.00.9880.7894.84.60.9580.0310.760.61-0.029
Peru0.7127.27.20.9900.7506.66.30.9550.038-0.63-0.86-0.036
Philippines0.63510.610.00.9400.69911.511.40.9910.0640.911.450.052
Portugal0.8022.22.10.9550.8475.45.20.9630.0453.23.10.008
Qatar0.8256.56.50.9940.8564.140.9760.031-2.42-2.48-0.018
Saudi Arabia0.763.63.60.9750.8534.54.20.9330.0930.860.65-0.042
Singapore0.85510.29.00.8900.93212.311.40.9270.0772.152.370.037
Slovenia0.8754.74.60.9720.8965.850.8620.0211.080.41-0.110
South African Republic0.6089.59.40.9860.69954.80.9600.091-4.54-4.61-0.026
Spain0.8715.84.60.7970.8916.54.70.7230.0200.680.06-0.074
Sri Lanka0.6761.61.50.9560.7702.72.20.8150.0941.120.69-0.141
Sudan0.3993.93.90.9920.5023.83.70.9740.103-0.12-0.19-0.019
Switzerland0.8924.93.80.7840.9444.84.10.8540.052-0.050.30.071
Tajikistan0.5974.94.90.9920.6504.74.40.9360.053-0.22-0.48-0.056
Thailand0.67229.725.40.8560.7552120.90.9950.083-8.67-4.510.139
Turkey0.6912.52.40.9680.7914.54.40.9780.1002.011.990.010
Turkmenistan0.6717.47.30.9800.70665.60.9330.035-1.43-1.68-0.046
United Kingdom0.863.02.60.8820.9225.140.7840.0622.141.39-0.097
United States of America0.9074.53.60.7990.9246.84.90.7210.0172.331.33-0.078
Uzbekistan0.6244.84.70.9920.7105.64.70.8390.0860.82-0.04-0.152
Venezuela0.733.73.70.9920.7613.63.50.9720.031-0.11-0.18-0.020
Table 2 Distribution of Human Development Index and 5-year net survival values for patients with liver cancer from 2008 to 2018
2008
2018
Transitions in a decade
CountryHDISurvivalHDISurvivalΔHDIΔsurvival
Algeria0.6866.20.75413.50.0687.3
Argentina0.78614.10.82512.60.039-1.5
Australia0.92414.20.93919.20.0155
Austria0.87611.20.90814.80.0323.6
Belgium0.88221.30.91620.70.034-0.6
Brazil0.70515.40.75911.20.054-4.2
Bulgaria0.76540.8136.50.0482.5
Canada0.90317.40.92618.70.0231.3
Chile0.7963.60.8433.70.0470.1
China0.66511.70.75214.10.0872.4
Colombia0.6974.80.7475.20.0500.4
Croatia0.7959.20.8319.30.0360.1
Cyprus0.8278.40.86910.60.0422.2
Czech Republic0.86430.8886.70.0243.7
Denmark0.8914.40.9297.50.0383.1
Ecuador0.7148.10.7525.90.038-2.2
Estonia0.8325.50.8714.20.039-1.3
Finland0.8837.10.92010.40.0373.3
France (metropolitan)0.879140.90118.30.0224.3
Germany0.90212.50.936130.0340.5
Iceland0.8953.90.93514.30.04010.4
India0.5272.40.6406.30.1133.9
Ireland0.90911.60.93814.20.0292.6
Israel0.88215.10.90318.90.0213.8
Italy0.87115.90.88020.30.0094.4
Japan0.89625.70.90930.10.0134.4
Korea, Republic of0.88615.30.90327.20.01711.9
Kuwait0.75711.40.80318.60.0467.2
Latvia0.803120.84712.90.0440.9
Lithuania0.8067.90.85880.0520.1
Malta0.8294.20.8029.6-0.0275.4
New Zealand0.90412.40.917190.0136.6
Norway0.9417.90.95318.70.01210.8
Poland0.8049.50.86510.80.0611.3
Portugal0.80213.60.84718.70.0455.1
Qatar0.8257.10.85627.20.03120.1
Russian Federation0.7487.40.8166.30.068-1.1
Singapore0.85513.20.93224.70.07711.5
Slovakia0.8315.60.8557.60.0242
Slovenia0.8753.80.8967.40.0213.6
Spain0.87114.40.89117.30.0202.9
Sweden0.97.80.93316.60.0338.8
Switzerland0.89212.20.94415.40.0523.2
Thailand0.6727.70.7556.90.083-0.8
The Netherlands0.90410.10.93115.80.0275.7
Turkey0.69120.10.79115.90.100-4.2
United Kingdom0.867.10.922130.0625.9
United States of America0.90712.50.92417.40.0174.9