Effect of low-dose aspirin administration on long-term survival of cirrhotic patients after splenectomy: A retrospective single-center study

Table 1 General clinical characteristics of the patients

Clinical characteristic	Median (range)/n (%)
Demographic feature
Age (yr)	45 (20-67)
Gender (male:female)	194:70
Underlying disease
HBV	248 (93.94)
HCV	14 (5.30)
HBV and HCV	2 (0.76)
Coexisting condition
Drinking	33 (12.50)
Smoking	65 (24.62)
Hypertension	58 (21.97)
Diabetes	21 (7.95)
Laboratory results
Leucocytes (109/L)	2.66 (0.60-59.00)
Platelet count (<30 × 109/L)	71 (26.89)
Hemoglobin (g/L)	97 (18-175)
ALT (>40 U/L)	91 (34.47)
AST (>40 U/L)	124 (46.97)
Albumin (<35 g/L)	125 (47.35)
Total bilirubin (>17 μmol/L)	184 (69.70)
Creatinine (μmol/L)	66 (15-188)
PT (>17 s)	79 (29.92)
APTT (>45 s)	77 (29.17)
INR (>1.2)	179 (67.80)
Fibrinogen (g/L)	1.89 (0.60-5.36)
AFP (mg/L)	10.83 (0.76-140.90)
Child-Pugh score
Child A	80 (30.30)
Child B	165 (62.50)
Child C	19 (7.20)
Intraoperative and postoperative features
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	425 (50-2000)
Spleen volume (mm3)	1410 (156-4896)
Spleen size (mm)	158 (12-230)
Surgical method
Laparoscopic surgery	36 (13.64)
Open laparotomy	228 (86.36)
Portal vein thrombosis	47 (17.80)
Postoperative aspirin	59 (22.35)
Length of hospital stay	27 (11-125)

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; PT: Prothrombin time; APTT: Activated partial thromboplatin time; INR: International normalized ratio; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ICU: Intensive care unit.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma after splenectomy

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	P-value	OR (95%CI)	P-value	OR (95%CI)
Gender (male/female)	0.067	2.348 (0.942-5.853)	0.088	2.287 (0.884-5.919)
Age > 60 yr	0.946	1.045 (0.292-3.742)
Hypertension (yes/no)	0.222	0.628 (0.298-1.325)
Diabetes (yes/no)	0.187	3.941 (0.514-30.211)
Drinking (yes/no)	0.432	0.689 (0.276-1.717)
Smoking (yes/no)	0.791	0.902 (0.421-1.933)
Platelet count at admission (< 30 × 109/L)	0.434	1.337 (0.646-2.764)
ALT (> 40 U/L)	0.543	1.237 (0.632-2.459)
AST (> 40 U/L)	0.063	1.910 (0.966-3.775)	0.323	1.460 (0.690-3.092)
Albumin (< 35 g/L)	0.155	0.612 (0.312-1.203)
Total bilirubin (> 17 μmol/L)	0.683	1.169 (0.553-2.471)
PT (> 17 s)	0.581	1.221 (0.601-2.477)
APTT (> 45 s)	0.297	1.452 (0.721-2.924)
INR (> 1.2)	0.063	2.555 (0.949-6.881)	0.077	2.496 (0.904-6.892)
Child-Pugh score	0.106	1.218 (0.959-1.548)
Surgical method (LS vs OS)	0.094	0.285 (0.066-1.236)	0.297	0.446 (0.098-2.033)
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	0.184	0.998 (0.995-1.001)
Spleen volume (mm3)	0.994	1.000 (1.000-1.000)
Spleen size (mm)	0.129	0.993 (0.983-1.002)
Postoperative early aspirin (yes/no)	0.010	6.696 (1.567-28.616)	0.016	6.211 (1.412-27.324)

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; PT: Prothrombin time; APTT: Activated partial thromboplatin time; INR: International normalized ratio; LS: Laparoscopic surgery; OS: Open surgery.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for overall survival

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	P-value	OR (95%CI)	P-value	OR (95%CI)
Gender (male/female)	0.104	1.859 (0.896-3.856)
Age > 60 yr	0.895	1.090 (0.303-3.919)
Underlying liver disease
Hypertension (yes/no)	0.709	1.168 (0.517-2.638)
Diabetes (yes/no)	0.491	1.497 (0.474-4.726)
Coexisting condition
Drinking (yes/no)	0.331	0.539 (0.156-1.871)
Smoking (yes/no)	0.648	0.823 (0.356-1.902)
Platelet count at admission (< 30 × 109/L)	0.649	0.837 (0.388-1.804)
ALT (> 40 U/L)	0.061	0.510 (0.253-1.030)	0.495	0.710 (0.266-1.897)
AST (> 40 U/L)	0.057	0.500 (0.245-1.021)	0.617	0.772 (0.279-2.132)
Albumin (< 35 g/L)	0.012	2.583 (1.236-5.398)	0.737	1.158 (0.492-2.724)
Total bilirubin (> 17 μmol/L)	0.260	0.620 (0.270-1.425)
PT (> 17 s)	0.053	0.492 (0.240-1.010)	0.496	0.750 (0.328-1.715)
APTT (> 45 s)	0.907	0.955 (0.444-2.054)
INR (> 1.2)	0.371	0.668 (0.276-1.617)
Child-Pugh score	0.008	0.422 (0.222-0.800)	0.181	1.728 (0.775-3.857)
Surgical method (LS vs OS)	0.068	6.562 (0.871-49.440)	0.157	4.393 (0.566-34.110)
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	0.131	0.999 (0.998-1.000)
Spleen volume (mm3)	0.634	1.000 (1.000-1.001)
Spleen size (mm)	0.563	1.003 (0.993-1.013)
Postoperative early aspirin (yes/no)	0.017	0.170 (0.040-0.731)	0.044	0.218 (0.049-0.960)

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; PT: Prothrombin time; APTT: Activated partial thromboplatin time; INR: International normalized ratio; LS: Laparoscopic surgery; OS: Open surgery.