Clinical characteristics of young patients with early Barrett’s neoplasia

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	Young (≤ 50 yr)	Old (> 50 yr)	P value
	(n = 45)	(n = 405)
Sex (male)	39/45 (87%)	342/405 (84%)	0.86
Ethnicity (white)	43/44 (98%)	377/387 (97%)	0.70
BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD)	29.69 ± 6.05	28.53 ± 5.72	0.09
BMI > 30 kg/m2	21/44 (48%)	124/389 (32%)	0.04
Diabetes	5/45 (11%)	91/390 (23%)	0.01
Hypertension	13/45 (29%)	211/382 (55%)	< 0.001
Family history of malignancy	21/44 (48%)	234/382 (61%)	0.08
Family history of esophageal adenocarcinoma	1/44 (2%)	17/382 (5%)	0.78
GERD symptoms	24/44 (55%)	148/386 (38%)	0.04
Smoking
Ever smoking	25/44 (57%)	297/393 (76%)	0.01
Current smoking	4/44 (9%)	47/392 (11%)	0.75
Pack-years (mean ± SD)	13.97 ± 15.56	23.46 ± 27.21	0.02
Alcohol
Ever alcohol	37/45 (82%)	297/387 (77%)	0.52
Current alcohol	31/45 (69%)	241/375 (64%)	0.54
Medication use
Proton pump inhibitors	38/43 (88%)	335/374 (90%)	0.98
Low-dose aspirin	5/45 (11%)	130/388 (34%)	< 0.01
NSAIDs	4/45 (9%)	34/384 (9%)	0.79
Statins	10/45 (22%)	189/388 (49%)	< 0.001
Endoscopy
Prague C, median (IQR), cm	2 (0-5)	1 (0-5)	0.52
Prague M, median (IQR), cm	4 (2-7)	4 (2-7)	0.43
Hiatus hernia	35/45 (78%)	350/405 (86%)	0.12

BMI: Body mass index; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SD: Standard deviation; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Adenocarcinoma/high-grade dysplasia risk according to multivariate analysis: Young vs old

	Adjusted Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	P value
BMI > 30	2.06	1.07-3.98	0.03
Ever smoking	0.39	0.20-0.75	< 0.01
Ongoing GERD symptoms	2.00	1.04-3.85	0.04
Family history of esophageal adenocarcinoma	0.73	0.09-5.85	0.77
Ethnicity (white)	0.77	0.09-6.42	0.81
Sex (Male)	1.44	0.56-3.70	0.45

BMI: Body mass index; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 3 Pathological features of esophageal adenocarcinoma, n (%)

		Young (≤ 50 yr)	Old (> 50 yr)	P value
		(n = 45)	(n = 405)
Histology	EAC	31 (69)	317 (78)	0.15
	HGD	14 (31)	88 (22)
EAC depth	M1	7 (23)	63 (20)
	M2	8 (26)	75 (24)
	M3	8 (26)	47 (15)
	M4	4 (13)	96 (30)
	SM	4 (13)	36 (11)	0.41
Differentiation	G1	21 (68)	212 (67)
	G2	6 (19)	91 (29)
	G3	4 (13)	14 (4)	0.22
Lympho-vascular invasion		1 (3)	32 (10)	0.36
Vertical margin positive rate		3 (10)	32 (10)	0.81

EAC: Esophageal adenocarcinoma; HGD: High-grade dysplasia; M: Mucosa; SM: Submucosa.

Table 4 Clinical outcomes following endoscopic treatment

	Young (≤ 50 yr)	Old (> 50 yr)	P value
	(n = 30)	(n = 257)
Complete eradication of neoplasia	28/30 (93%)	220/257 (86%)	0.38
Recurrence of neoplasia	4/28 (14%)	40/220 (18%)	0.81
Complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia	23/30 (77%)	159/257 (62%)	0.16
Recurrence of intestinal metaplasia	7/23 (30%)	41/159 (26%)	0.83