Endoloop ligation after endoscopic mucosal resection using a transparent cap: A novel method to treat small rectal carcinoid tumors

Table 1 General information of patients in the two groups

	LC-EMR (n = 22)	ESD (n = 12)	P-value
Age (yr)	48.18 ± 12.31	46.17 ± 12.57	0.907
Sex (M/F)	17/5	7/5	0.016
Tumor size (mm)	7.23 ± 1.63	7.50 ± 1.38	0.531
Distance from anal verge (cm)	6.27 ± 0.98	6.75 ± 1.48	0.281

LC-EMR: Ligation after cap-endoscopic submucosal resection; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Table 2 Summary of the therapeutic efficacy in the two groups n (%)

	LC-EMR (n = 22)	ESD (n = 12)	P-value
Endoscopic complete resection	22 (100)	12 (100)	1.000
Pathologically complete resection	19 (86.36)	11 (91.67)	0.646
Histological margin involvement
Lateral	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
Vertical	3 (13.64)	1 (8.33)	0.646
Resection time (min, ± SD)	5.91 ± 0.87	15.67 ± 2.15	0.001
Recurrence follow-up	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000

LC-EMR: Ligation after cap-endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Table 3 Further treatment of patients with a positive resection margin in the two groups

	LC-EMR (n = 3)	ESD (n = 1)
TEM (n)	2	0
Religation (n)	0	1
Histological after surgery or endoscopy	Negative	Negative
Recurrence follow-up (n)	0	0

LC-EMR: Ligation after cap-endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; TEM: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery.