Low-dose spectral insufflation computed tomography protocol preoperatively optimized for T stage esophageal cancer - preliminary research experience

Table 1 Basic clinical characteristics of patients n (%)

Variable	Group A (n = 45)	Group B (n = 40)	Group C (n = 35)
Gender
Male	25 (56)	19 (48)	22 (64)
Female	50 (44)	21 (52)	13 (36)
Age (yr)
Medium	67	61	63
Range	55-82	52-79	50-81
Location
Upper esophagus	11 (24)	8 (20)	6 (16)
Middle esophagus	14 (32)	11 (28)	11 (32)
Lower esophagus	20 (44)	22 (56)	18 (52)
Differentiation degree
High	17 (38)	9 (23)	10 (28)
Medium	23 (50)	25 (62)	14 (40)
Low	5 (12)	6 (15)	11 (32)
Symptom
Progressive dysphagia	18 (40)	19 (48)	21 (60)
Vomiting	13 (28)	8 (20)	4 (12)
Intermittent sternal sensation	9 (20)	8 (20)	6 (16)
Hematemesis and sense of frustration	5 (12)	5 (12)	4 (12)

Table 2 Comparison between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-enhanced features and pathological T stage

Group	Enhancement feature	Medullary type		Ulcerative type		Mushroom type		Total
		T1/2	T3	T1/2	T3	T1/2	T3
A	Layered	3	2	2	0	1	0	8
	Unlayered	6	8	6	4	4	3	31
Total		9	10	8	4	5	3	39
B	Layered	5	2	0	0	0	0	7
	Unlayered	4	8	2	5	4	3	26
Total		9	10	2	5	4	3	33
C	Layered	6	1	1	1	3	0	12
	Unlayered	2	8	2	4	2	2	20
Total		8	9	3	5	5	2	22

Table 3 Comparisons between morphological changes of the triangular area in front of the vertebral body and pathological T stage

Group	Morphological change of triangle area in front of vertebral body	Medullary type		Ulcerative type		Mushroom type		Total
		T3	T4	T3	T4	T3	T4
A	Clear	6	3	3	0	3	0	15
	Blurred or disappeared	4	3	1	0	0	0	8
Total		10	6	4	0	3	0	23
B	Clear	7	3	5	0	3	0	18
	Blurred or disappeared	3	4	0	0	0	0	7
Total		10	7	5	0	3	0	25
C	Clear	7	6	5	0	2	0	20
	Blurred or disappeared	2	7	0	0	0	0	9
Total		9	13	5	0	2	0	29

Table 4 Comparison of pathological T stage and combined diagnosis of the triangular area in front of the vertebral body

Group	T stage	Medullary type		Ulcerative type		Mushroom type		Total
		T3	T4	T3	T4	T3	T4
A	T3	6	1	3	0	3	0	13
	T4	4	5	1	0	0	0	10
Total		10	6	4	0	3	0	23
B	T3	8	1	5	0	3	0	17
	T4	2	6	0	0	0	0	8
Total		10	7	5	0	3	0	25
C	T3	6	2	5	0	2	0	15
	T4	3	11	0	0	0	0	14
Total		9	13	5	0	2	0	29

Table 5 Accuracy of T stage comparisons between groups

Stage	Group	n	TP	TN	FP	FN	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Accuracy (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
	A	45	7	9	15	14	31.82	60.87	46.67	43.75	48.28
T1/2	B	40	5	9	10	16	33.33	64.00	52.50	35.71	61.54
	C	35	7	7	9	12	43.75	63.16	54.29	50.00	57.14
	A	45	7	9	10	19	41.17	67.86	57.78	43.75	65.52
T3	B	40	8	8	10	14	44.44	63.64	55.00	50.00	58.33
	C	35	9	5	7	14	56.25	73.68	65.71	60.00	66.67
	A	45	5	12	1	27	83.33	69.23	71.11	29.41	96.43
T4	B	40	6	10	1	23	85.71	69.70	72.50	37.50	95.83
	C	35	11	7	2	15	84.62	68.18	74.29	61.11	94.12

TP: True positive; TN: True negative; FP: False positive; FN: False negative; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.