Helicobacter pylori infection and liver diseases: Epidemiology and insights into pathogenesis

Table 1 Summary of relevant studies between Helicobacter pylori and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	Number of subjects	Conclusion
Okushin et al[31]	2015	Japan	Cross-sectional study	13737	Negative
Baeg et al[32]	2016	South Korea	Cross-sectional study	3663	Negative
Fan et al[33]	2018	China	Cross-sectional study	21456	Negative
Cai et al[34]	2018	China	Cross-sectional study	2051	Negative
Polyzos et al[45]	2013	Greece	Cross-sectional study	53	Positive
Doğan et al[46]	2013	Turkey	Cross-sectional study	174	Positive
Kim et al[47]	2017	South Korea	Retrospective study	17028	Positive
Chen et al[48]	2017	China	Cross-sectional study	2263	Positive
Wijarnpreecha et al[49]	2016	Various countries	Meta-analysis	38622	Positive
Jamali et al[50]	2013	Iran	Prospective study (RCT)	49	Negative
Polyzos et al[51]	2014	Greece	Prospective study	12	Negative

RCT: Randomized controlled trial.

Table 2 Summary of relevant studies between Helicobacter pylori and chronic viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	Number of subjects	Conclusion
HCV
Esmat et al[30]	2012	Egypt	Cross-sectional study	85	Positive
Queiroz et al[93]	2006	Argentina	Cross-sectional study	106	Positive
Rocha et al[94]	2005	France	Cross-sectional study	109	Positive
Wang et al[95]	2016	Various countries	Meta-analysis	3826	Positive
HBV
Ponzetto et al[96]	2000	Italy	Case-control study	355	Positive
Huang et al[97]	2017	China	Cross-sectional study	608	Positive
Mohamed et al[98]	2018	Egypt	Cross-sectional study	170	Positive
Wang et al[99]	2011	China	Cross-sectional study	1872	Negative
Wang et al[100]	2016	China	Meta-analysis	4645	Positive
HCC
Nilsson et al[24]	2001	Sweden	Cross-sectional study	36	Positive
Pellicano et al[25]	2004	Italy	Cross-sectional study	26	Positive
Huang et al[26]	2004	China	Cross-sectional study	36	Positive
Xuan et al[27]	2006	China	Cross-sectional study	50	Positive
Xuan et al[101]	2008	Various countries	Meta-analysis	522	Positive

HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.