Helicobacter pylori infection with intestinal metaplasia: An independent risk factor for colorectal adenomas

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subjects n (%)

Parameter	Non-polyp	Adenoma	Non-adenomaous polyp	1P value	2P value
	1058	297	286
Age	49.72 (7.974)	53.17 (8.450)	51.91 (8.456)	< 0.001	< 0.001
Male/female	625/433	241/56	221/65	< 0.001	< 0.001
BMI	23.95 (2.963)	24.50 (2.978)	24.9 (3.017)	0.05	< 0.001
Smoker (+/-)	211/847	118/179	120/166	< 0.001	< 0.001
Alcohol (+/-)	140/918	78/219	67/219	< 0.001	< 0.001
TC	5.457 (1.130)	5.481 (1.340)	5.427 (1.021)	0.753	0.682
TG	1.879 (1.763)	2.025 (2.438)	2.111 (1.189)	0.25	0.052
HDL	1.325 (0.342)	1.285 (0.316)	1.246 (0.389)	0.538	0.001
LDL	3.269 (0.814)	3.259 (0.815)	3.271 (0.822)	0.857	0.967
FBG	5.060 (1.230)	5.118 (1.220)	5.316 (1.610)	0.478	0.004

¹Two-sided P values for the difference between the adenoma and non-polyp groups were based on the χ² test and t test;

²Two-sided P values for the difference between the non-adenomatous polyp and non-polyp groups were based on the χ² test and t test. BMI: Body mass index; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; FBG: Fasting blood glucose.

Table 2 Correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and colorectal neoplasms

Parameter	H. pylori (+)	H. pylori (-)	OR (95%CI)	P value
	845	796
Age	50.91 (8.315)	50.54 (8.208)	1.006 (0.994-1.017)	0.355
Female	292	262	1
Male	553	534	0.929 (0.757-1.140)	0.482
Non-polyp	519	539	1
Non-adenomaous polyp	158	128	1.282 (0.986-1.667)	0.064
Adenoma	168	129	1.535 (1.044-1.753)	0.022
Polyp number
One	179	140	1.328 (1.032-1.708)	0.027
Two or more	147	117	1.305 (0.995-1.711)	0.054
Polyp size
0-9 mm	306	235	1.352 (1.098-1.666)	0.005
≥ 10 mm	20	22	0.944 (0.509-1.751)	0.855
Polyp location
Proximal	108	77	1.457 (1.062-1.998)	0.020
Bilateral	64	57	1.166 (0.800-1.700)	0.424
Distal	154	123	1.300 (0.997-1.696)	0.053

Correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) (+) and H. pylori (-) by logistic regression analysis.

Table 3 Logistic regression model of the association between Helicobacter pylori infection, intestinal metaplasia, and colorectal neoplasm after adjustments for confounding factors

	Non-adenomaous polyp		Adenomas
	Adjusted aOR 95%CI	1P value	Adjusted bOR (95%CI)	2P value
H. pylori (+)	1.225 (0.930-1.612)	0.148	1.359 (1.035-1.785)	0.028
IM	1.265 (0.896-1.787)	0.173	1.381 (0.988-1.929)	0.059

¹Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit, alcohol consumption, high-density lipoprotein level, and fasting blood glucose level by logistic regression analysis;

²Adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking habit, and alcohol consumption by logistic regression analysis. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.

Table 4 Correlation between gastric lesions and colorectal neoplasm

Parameter	IM (+)	IM (-)	OR (95%CI)	1P value
	300	1341
Age	53.12 (8.490)	50.19 (8.118)	1.041 (1.026-1.056)	< 0.001
Female	80	474	1
Male	220	867	1.503 (1.137-1.988)	0.004
Non-polyp	168	890	1
Adenomas	71	226	1.664 (1.216-2.277)	0.001
Non-adenomaous polyps	61	225	1.436 (1.035-1.993)	0.030
Polyp number
One	66	253	1.382 (1.006-1.898)	0.046
Two or more	66	198	1.766 (1.278-2.441)	0.001
Polyp size
0-9 mm	121	420	1.526 (1.176-1.981)	0.001
≥ 10 mm	11	31	1.880 (0.927-3.813)	0.080
Polyp location
Proximal	45	135	1.703 (1.171-2.475)	0.005
Bilateral	28	85	1.595 (1.013-2.510)	0.044
Distal	59	204	1.434 (1.029-1.997)	0.033

¹Correlation between IM (+) and IM (-) by logistic regression analysis. IM: Intestinal metaplasia.

Table 5 Correlation between stage of H. pylori-related gastric lesions and adenoma

	H. pylori	IM	Adenoma	Non-polyp		Crude OR	P value	Adjusted 1OR	1P value
			297	1018
Group A	(-)	(-)	113	488	B:A	1.214 (0.906-1.626)	0.194	1.190 (0.876-1.617)	0.262
Group B	(+)	(-)	113	402	C:A	2.109 (1.383-3.216)	0.001	1.765 (1.130-2.757)	0.012
Group C	(+)	(+)	42	86	D:A	1.527 (0.954-2.444)	0.078	1.222 (0.741-2.015)	0.432
Group D	(-)	(+)	29	82

¹Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking habit, and alcohol consumption by logistic regression analysis. IM: Intestinal metaplasia.