Clinical and immunologic effects of faecal microbiota transplantation in a patient with collagenous colitis

Table 1 Summary of the treatment and results in a collagenous colitis patient

Treatment	Result of the treatment
Loperamide 2-4 mg per day	Little effect
Cholestyramine, 4 g, three times per day	No effect
Mesalazine 800 mg twice per day for 4 mo	No effect
Budesonide capsules 3 mg 1-3 times per day	Good but declining effect after 2 yr of treatment
Azathioprine	Side effects (liver toxicity)
Doxycycline, 100 mg per day for 10 d, given twice	Good but temporary effect
First FMT, November 2014	General improvement for 2 wk
200 mL filtrate infused as an enema in the rectum for five consecutive mornings	Not fulfilling the criteria for remission[21]
Second FMT, March 2015	General improvement for 4 wk
300 mL filtrate instilled in cecum	Not fulfilling the criteria for remission
Third FMT, May 2015	Remission with normalized stools and normal BMI achieved for 11 mo
300 mL filtrate instilled in cecum

Histopathologic findings before the first transplant and after the second transplant showed typical and similar features of CC. CC: Collagenous colitis; BMI: Body mass index; FMT: Faecal microbiota transplantation.

Table 2 Percentages of lamina propria and intraepithelial T cell subsets expressing different markers detected by flow cytometry before and after faecal microbiota transplantation

Cell phenotype	Before first FMT	After second FMT
Percentages of lamina propria T cell subsets
CD3+CD4+	53.0	51.1
CD3+CD4+CD45RO+	37.2	29.2
CD3+CD4+CD45RA+	4.0	8.4
CD3+CD4+Ki67+	1.2	2.9
CD3+CD4+Foxp3+	2.9	10.2
CD3+CD8+	40.7	38.9
CD3+CD8+CD45RO+	18.8	7.4
CD3+CD8+CD45RA+	19.5	18.1
CD3+CD8+ Ki67+	1.2	2.9
CD3+CD8+ Foxp3+	2.9	1.4
Percentages of intraepithelial T cell subsets
CD3+CD4+	13.3	22.1
CD3+CD8+	77.9	62.4

FMT: Faecal microbiota transplantation.