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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 21, 2017; 23(35): 6371-6378
Published online Sep 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i35.6371
Published online Sep 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i35.6371
Table 1 Obesity defined by body mass index
BMI (kg/m2) | Definition | Obesity class |
18.5-24.9 | Normal | |
25-29.9 | Overweight | |
30-34.9 | Obesity | I |
35-39.9 | Obesity | II |
40.0- | Obesity | III |
Table 2 Obesity related medical disorders
Diabetes mellitus |
Obstructive sleep apnea |
Degenerative osteoarthritis |
Non-alcohol steatohepatitis |
Hypertension |
Dyslipidemia with coronary artery disease |
Pseudo-tumor cerebri |
Gastroesophageal reflux |
Deep vein thrombosis |
Asthma |
Carcinomas (kidney, breast, endometrial, colorectal, pancreatic, esophageal, gallbladder) |
Table 3 Weight loss medications approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration
Medication | Published weight loss |
Short term use | Range from 3.6 to 8.1 kg |
Benzphetamine | |
Diethylpropion | |
Phendimetrazine | |
Phentermine | |
Long term use | |
Orlistat | 2.6 kg |
Liraglutide | 4 to 6 kg |
Lorcaserin | 3.2 kg |
Naltrexone and bupropion | 5 kg |
Phentermine and topiramate | 8.8 kg |
Table 4 Potential endoscopic methods to treat medically-complicated obesity
Method | Potential physiological mechanisms |
Delivery of a Weight Loss Device | |
Intragastric Balloon | Stomach distension; reduce volume required for satiety; delay gastric emptying |
Orbera1 | |
ReShape1 | |
Obalon1 | |
Duodeno-jejunal bypass sleeve | Delay Gastric Emptying; Induce Malabsorption |
Aspiration therapy | Reduce Intragastric Nutrients |
Use of intraluminal suturing | |
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty | Induce early satiation; delay gastric emptying |
Transoral gastroplasty | Reduce volume required for satiety |
- Citation: Koch TR, Shope TR, Gostout CJ. Organization of future training in bariatric gastroenterology. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(35): 6371-6378
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i35/6371.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i35.6371