Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2017; 23(27): 4950-4957
Published online Jul 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i27.4950
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy + endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography group and the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-only group n (%)
Demographic characteristicESWL + ERCP (n = 124)ERCP only (n = 107)P value
Age (yr)71.2 ± 4.668.4 ± 6.10.647
Male63 (50.8)56 (52.3)0.318
Prothrombin time/INR1.14 ± 0.221.19 ± 0.340.382
Periampullary diverticulum54 (43.5)48 (44.9)0.263
Pre-cut sphincterotomy65 (52.4)60 (56.1)0.187
Calculi characteristic
Single8372
Multiple41 (33.1)35 (32.7)0.371
Stone size18.3 ± 2.516.6 ± 3.80.084
1.5-3.0 cm10493
> 3.0 cm15 (12.1)10 (9.3)0.195
Table 2 Endoscopic stone removal observed after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography n(%)
AttemptESWL + ERCP (n = 124)ERCP only (n = 107)P value
First92/124 (74.2)76/107 (71.0)0.135
Second27/32 (84.4)16/31 (51.6)0.018a
Total119/124 (96.0)92/107 (86.0)0.029b
Number (rate) of mechanical lithotripsy30/150 (20)41/138 (30)0.025c
Mean duration of ERCP procedure (min)43 ± 2159 ± 280.034d
Table 3 Extraction methods and success rates after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Extraction methodSuccess rate
ESWL + ERCP (n = 124)ERCP only (n = 107)P value
Balloon or Dormia basket96/9965/710.251
Mechanical lithotripsy23/2527/360.041a
Stone size
1.5-3.0 cm102/10490/930.473
≥ 3.0 cm12/154/100.016b
Total119/124 (96.0%)92/107 (86.0%)0.029c
Table 4 Complications in the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy + endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography group and the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-only group n(%)
ComplicationESWL + ERCPERCP onlyP value
Post-ERCP10/150 (6.7)9/138 (6.5)0.673
Pancreatitis (mild)5/150 (3.3)5/138 (3.6)0.357
Cholangitis (mild)3/150 (2.0)3/138 (2.2)0.218
Hemobilia (mild)2/150 (1.9)1/138 (0.7)0.074
Bowel perforation00
Procedure-related mortality00
Post-ESWL11/156 (7.0)
Purpuric spots5/156 (3.2)
Skin ecchymosis6/156 (3.8)
Splenic rupture0
Lung trauma0
Necrotizing pancreatitis0
Procedure-related mortality0