Endoscopic management of pancreatic fluid collections-revisited

Table 1 Studies revealing outcomes of pancreatic fluid collections with newly designed metal stents

Study	n	Stent used	Size (cm)	Technical success, %	Clinical success, %	Necrosectomy, %
Walter et al[49], 2015	61	AXIOS	9.0	98.0	PC-93	43.0
	PC-15				WON-81
	WON-46
Shah et al[48], 2015	33	AXIOS	9 ± 3.3	91.0	93.0	33.0
Chandran et al[46], 2015	47	NAGI	10.0	98.0		19.2
	PC-38				76.6
	WON-9
Siddiqui et al[34], 2016	82	AXIOS	11.8	97.5	PC-100	All WON
	PC-12				WON-88
	WON-68
Sharaiha et al[54], 2016	124	AXIOS	9.5	100.0	86.3	62.9
	All WON
Rinninella et al[45], 2015	93	Hot AXIOS	10.0	98.9	PC-100	59.6
	PC-18				WON-90.4
	WON-52
Lakhtakia et al[65], 2016	WON-205	NAGI	10.8	99.0	96.5	9.2
Vazquez-Sequeiros et al[50], 2016	211	FCMS-139	9.3	97.0	94.0	17.0
	PC-112	AXIOS-72
	WON-99

PFC: Pancreatic fluid collection; WON: Walled off necrosis; PC: Pseudocyst; FCMS: Fully covered metal stent; BFMS: Bi-flanged metal stent; LAMS: Lumen apposing metal stent; PS: Plastic stent; AE: Adverse events.

Table 2 Selected studies comparing the outcomes between plastic and metal stents

Study	PFC type	n	Success	AE	Conclusion
Lee et al[55] 2014	WON-14	PS-25	90.9%	8%	Efficacy equal
	PC-36	FCMS-25	87%	0	Re-intervention: FCMS = PS
					AE: FCMS = PS
Mukai et al[53] 2015	WON	PS-27	92.6%	18.5%	Efficacy and AE: BFMS = PS
		BFMS-43	97.7%	7%	Re-intervention: BFMS < PS
					AE: BFMS = PS
Sharaiha et al[54] 2015	PC	PS-118	89%	31%	Efficacy: FCMS > PS
		FCMS-112	98%	16%	AE: FCMS < PS
Siddiqui et al[52] 2016	WON	PS-106	81%	7.5%	Efficacy: FCMS, LAMS > PS
		FCMS-121	95%	1.6%	Re-intervention: LAM < FCMS < PS
		LAMS-86	90%	9.3%	AE: LAMS = PS > FCMS
Bapaye et al[76] 2016	WON	PS-61	73.7%	36.1%	Efficacy: BFMS > PS
		BFMS-72	94%	5.6%	Re-intervention: BFMS < PS
					AE: BFMS < PS

PFC: Pancreatic fluid collection; WON: Walled off necrosis; PC: Pseudocyst; FCMS: Fully covered metal stent; BFMS: Bi-flanged metal stent; LAMS: Lumen apposing metal stent; PS: Plastic stent; AE: Adverse events.

Table 3 Adverse events in selected studies evaluating endoscopic ultrasonography drainage of pancreatic fluid collections with metal stents

Study	n	Perforation, %	Bleeding, %	Migration, %	Infection, %	Overall complications, %
Walter et al[49], 2014	61	1.6	6.5	4.9	6.5	9.0
Chandran et al[46], 2015	54	-	5.5	20.4	4.0, 7.4	Early-7.4
						Late-11.1
Bapaye et al[43], 2015	19	-	5.3	5.3	-	10.5
Rinninella et al[45], 2015	93	2.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	5.4
Vazquez-Sequeiros et al[50], 2016	211	3.0	7.0	3.0	11.0	21.0
Siddiqui et al[34], 2016	82	1.2	7.3	-	6.1	9.8
Sharaiha et al[33], 2016	124	-	Early-1.6	Early-2.4	Early-3.2	Early-11.3
			Late-0	Late-3.2	Late-2.4	Late-7.2
Lakhtakia et al[65], 2016	205	1.0	2.9	2.4	-	3.9