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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 21, 2017; 23(15): 2651-2659
Published online Apr 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i15.2651
Published online Apr 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i15.2651
Table 1 Light-to-moderate habitual alcohol consumption and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Author (year) | Country | Design | n | Follow-up, years | Alcohol intake | Relative risk for HCC | Ref. |
Chen (2006) | Taiwan | Prospective cohort study | 3653 with HBV | 11 | ≥ 4 d/wk for ≥ 1 year | 1.6 | [20] |
Wang (2003) | Taiwan | Prospective cohort study | 2416 men with HBV | 7.8 | ≥ 4 d/wk for ≥ 1 year | 1.28 | [23] |
Jee (2004) | South Korea | Prospective cohort study | 4495 men with HBV | 10 | 25 g/d | 1.13 | [24] |
Table 2 Heavy alcohol consumption and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Author (year) | Country | Design | n | Follow-up, years | Alcohol intake | Relative risk for HCC | Ref. |
Donato (2002) | Italy | Case-control study | 464 with HCC (including 92 with HBV) vs 824 controls (including 44 with HBV) | NA | ≥ 60 g/d | 2.13 | [30] |
Lin (2013) | Taiwan | Retrospective cohort study | 632 cirrhotics with HBV and alcohol vs 132 cirrhotics with HBV alone | 2.9-5.2 | ≥ 80 g/d for ≥ 5 yr | 1.33 | [31] |
Ikeda (1998) | Japan | Prospective cohort study | 610 with HBV | 4. 1 | 500 kg (cumulative) | 8.37 | [32] |
Table 3 Genetic polymorphisms associated with increased risk of alcoholic liver disease progression
Gene | Polymorphism | Reported association | Ref. |
ADH | ADH2*1/*2 | Decrease the rate of ethanol metabolism | [47] |
ADH2*1/*1 | |||
ALDH | ALDH2*2/*2 | Increase alcohol sensitivity | [47] |
ALDH2*1/*2 | |||
CYP2E1 | C1/C2 | Increase free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, and fatty change | [9] |
C2/C2 | |||
PNPLA3 | rs738409C>G | Increase the risk of liver cirrhosis and HCC | [48,49] |
CD14 | 159TT | Enhance inflammatory responses | [50] |
Develop alcoholic liver disease | |||
TNF-α | 238G>A | Develop alcoholic liver disease | [51] |
Table 4 Genetic polymorphisms associated with hepatitis B virus infection
Gene | Polymorphism | Reported association | Ref. |
HLA-DPA1 | rs3077 CC | Persistent HBV infection | [52] |
HLA-DPB1 | rs9277535 GG | Persistent HBV infection | [52] |
INTS10 | rs7000921 TT or CC | Suppress HBV replication | [53] |
Associated with clearance of HBV infection |
- Citation: Iida-Ueno A, Enomoto M, Tamori A, Kawada N. Hepatitis B virus infection and alcohol consumption. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(15): 2651-2659
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i15/2651.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i15.2651